Week 1 Flashcards
Service provided by ground-based air traffic controllers who direct aircraft on the ground and through controlled airspace and can provide advisory services to aircraft in non-controlled airspace
Air Traffic Control
What are the three primary purposes of Air Traffic Control?
- Prevent collisions
- Organize and expedite the flow of air traffic
- Provide information and other support for pilots
To prevent collisions, they enforce traffic separation rules to ensure each aircraft to have enough space around them
Air Traffic Control
This provides additional safety by warning pilots when other aircraft get too close
Traffic Collision Avoidance System (TCAS)
True or False. ATC may issue instructions that pilots are required to obey, or advisories that pilots may, at their discretion and disregard
True
True or False. ATC is the final authority for the safe operation of the aircraft and in case of emergency, PIC may deviate from ATC instructions to the extent required to maintain safe operation of their aircraft
False. The pilot in command is the final authority
These are used when there is no tower or uncontrolled aerodrome
Advisories
True or False. ATC operations are conducted either in the English language or the language used by the station on the ground
True
This was the first airport in the world to introduce air traffic control
Croydon Airport
This airport published a NOTAM in which it was stated that all the pilots had to obtain a sequence number for departure, as well as authorization from the tower for taking off
Croydon Airport
How was the authorization for taking off given at croydon airport?
Waiving a red flag from the observation tower
They also pioneer in establishing an aeronautical radio navigation system, ground-air communications, the use of the Q codes (Alt Setting), and also a control zone in which it was required that the pilots had authorization from the controller before entering it
Croydon Airport
Solid lines before entering the runway where you need to stop and request clearance from tower
Control Zones
They developed the first standard procedures to depart, more oriented to appease the neighbors that complained about the noise than for safety reasons
Croydon Airport
The year when the city hired the first US air traffic controller
1929
He is the first US air traffic controller
Archie W. League
What was League’s control tower?
Wheelbarrow
Opened the first airport traffic control tower, regulating arrivals, departures and surface movement of aircraft at a specific airport.
Cleveland Airport (1930)
In 1930, Cleveland airport opened this and nearly all airlines were equipping aircraft for radio navigation
1st radio equipped control room
In 1932, the Commerce Department had installed how many radio beacons across the country?
83
These helped pilots through poor visibility and 2-way radio
Radio Marker beacons
In 1935, this was opened which directs the movement of aircraft between departure and destination in Newark, NJ
First air route traffic control center (ARTCC)
In 1936, what followed suit of ARTCC?
Chicago and Cleveland
What did early route controllers use to represent planes?
Boat shaped weights called “shrimp boats”
The years when more and more technical applications were introduced as standard ATC equipment, like the communication boxes, headsets, teletype, radio locators and the paper flight progress strip boards
1937-1938
They pioneered new routes, and new technology allowed aircraft to go faster, higher and farther. It also pushed for them to hire female air traffic controllers.
WW2
What was WW2’s largest impact?
Adoption of RADAR (Radio Detection and Ranging)
These were created after adoption of radar in the 1950s to monitor and control the busy airspace around larger airports
Approach/departure control
Began at ______, Boeing 707 jet flew at speeds up to ______ mph and carried up to _____ passengers
1958, 550 mph, 181 passengers
Years when passenger travel grew by more than 1000 percent an unprecedented increase
1958 to 1977
In 1960, what did the FAA require which send a radar beacon or “squawk” to identify the aircraft
Transponders
The controllers would write information from each radar blip on what?
Plastic “shrimp boats”
In 1956, what was introduced where controllers could at last see flights in 3 dimensions
computers
