Week 1

Question 1

What is the aim of AI?

Answer 1

Programming things that in the future can do things by himself what we can’t do

Question 2

What’s the difference between cognitive psychology and AI?

Answer 2

1) Cognitive psychology want to know what going on in the mind
2) AI studies how to build or program computers to enable them to do what minds can do

Question 3

What things does AI have from psychology and what things does AI have from computer science?

Answer 3

1) Psychology > perception, reasoning and action
2) Computer science > computation

Question 4

Explain Dualism vs. Materialism

Answer 4

1) Dualism: brain and body work separate but are connected > soul is responsible
2) Materialism: soul doesn’t exist, all mental states are caused by physical states

Question 5

Large language models are vulnerable hallucinations explain this three vulnerabilities

Answer 5

1) AI can present false info as facts
2) Compression artefacts (mistakes when combining info)
3) People think that longer answers are facts > chat gpt makes up false text for longer answers

Question 6

What is SNARC of Minsky and Edmonds

Answer 6

The first neural network computer with 40 neurons

Question 7

What did Newell & Simon introduce

Answer 7

1) Symbolic AI
2) Reasoning and thinking is manipulation of symbols

Question 8

Explain symbolic AI

Answer 8

Machine applies rules that produce a certain output in numbers, words (that are the symbols)

Question 9

Explain ELIZA, PARRY, STRIPS and MYCIN

Answer 9

1) ELIZA: natural language processor, mimics a psychotherapist using simple techniques to create illusion of understanding
2) PARRY: simulation of schrizophrenia patient
3) STRIPS: automated planner of stanford (divided goals into subgoals)
4) MYCIN: diagnosing blood infections with simpel if-then rules

Question 10

What are advantages of connectionist AI

Answer 10

1) Lesion tolerant
2) Capable of generalisation