Week 1

Question 1

Program

Answer 1

A program is a sequence of instructions that specifies how to perform a computation on computer hardware.

Question 2

Programming

Answer 2

The process of breaking down a large, complex task into smaller and smaller subtasks.

Question 3

Method

Answer 3

A method is a named sequence of statements.

Question 4

What is the relation between class name and file name?

Answer 4

The name of the class has to match the name of the file it is in

Question 5

What are comments?

Answer 5

The line that begins with two slashes (//) is a comment, which is a bit of English text that explains the code.

Question 6

What are the advantages of high-level languages?

Answer 6

1. It is much easier to program in a high-level language.
2. High-level languages are portable, meaning they can run on different kinds of computers with few or no modifications.

Question 7

Which two kinds of programs translate high-level languages into low-level languages?

Answer 7

Interpreters and compilers.

Question 8

What is an Interpreter?

Answer 8

An interpreter reads a high-level program and executes it, meaning that it does what the program says. It processes the program a little at a time, alternately reading lines and performing computations.

Question 9

What is a compiler?

Answer 9

A compiler reads the entire program and translates it completely before the program starts running.

Question 10

What is source code?

Answer 10

The high-level program is called the source code.

Question 11

What is the translated program called?

Answer 11

The translated program is called the object code, or the executable.

Question 12

What is an algorithm?

Answer 12

An algorithm is a sequence of steps that specifies how to solve a problem. Some algorithms are faster than others, and some use less space in computer memory.

Question 13

What is Computer Science?

Answer 13

Computer science is the science of algorithms, including their discovery and analysis.

Question 14

What are bugs? And what is debugging?

Answer 14

For historical reasons, programming errors are called bugs, and the process of tracking them down and correcting them is called debugging

Question 15

What is a Variable?

Answer 15

A variable is a named location in memory that stores a value.

Question 16

What is a Value?

Answer 16

Values may be numbers, text, images, sounds, and other types of data.

Question 17

What are compile-time errors?

Answer 17

Compile-time errors occur when you violate the rules of the Java language.

Question 18

What is Parsing?

Answer 18

Parsing is the process of reading a program before translating

Question 19

What is a Logic Error?

Answer 19

A logic error is a bug in a program that causes it to operate incorrectly, but not to terminate abnormally (or crash).

Question 20

What is a Run-Time Error?

Answer 20

An error that dWoes not appear until after the program has started running.

Question 21

What is the meaning of the class system?

Answer 21

System is a class that provides methods related to the “system”, or environment, where programs run.

Question 22

What is the Java Library?

Answer 22

An extensive collection of classes that you can use in your programs.

Question 23

What does the import statement in “import java.util.Scanner;” mean?

Answer 23

This import statement tells the compiler that when you refer to Scanner, you mean the one defined in java.util. Using an import statement is necessary because there might be another class named Scanner in another package.

Question 24

What are the language elements from smallest to greatest?

Answer 24

Token, Expression, Statement, Method, Class, Package

Question 25

What are tokens?

Answer 25

Tokens are the most basic elements of a program, including numbers, variable names, operators, keywords, parentheses, braces, and semicolons.

Question 26

What are constants?

Answer 26

Variables declared as final are called constants. By convention, names for constants are all uppercase, with the underscore character (_) between words.

Question 27

What is short-circuit evaluation?

Answer 27

Ignoring the second operand, when possible, is called short-circuit evaluation, by analogy with an electrical circuit.