Week 1

Question 1

What physical signs may be seen in a pneumothorax?

Answer 1

Hyperresonant percussion
Decreased or absent breath sounds

Question 2

What is Boyle’s law?

Answer 2

At any constant temperature the pressure exerted by gas varies inversely with the volume of gas. As the volume of gas increases the pressure exerted by the gas decreases

Question 3

What is the nervous supply of the diaphragm?

Answer 3

Phrenic nerve C3,4, and 5

Question 4

What type of alveoli secrete pulmonary surfactant?

Answer 4

Type II

Question 5

What are the major inspiratory muscles?

Answer 5

Diaphragm
External intercostals

Question 6

What are the accessory muscles of inspiration?

Answer 6

SCM
Scalenus
Pectorals

Question 7

What are the muscles of active expiration?

Answer 7

Abdominal
Internal intercostals

Question 8

What is the average functional residual capacity?

Answer 8

2.2L

Question 9

What is average tidal volume?

Answer 9

0.5L

Question 10

What is the average inspiratory reserve volume?

Answer 10

3.0L

Question 11

What is the average vital capacity?

Answer 11

4.5L

Question 12

When might residual volume be increased?

Answer 12

When elastic recoil is lost e.g. in emphysema

Question 13

What is forced vital capacity?

Answer 13

Max that can be forcibly expelled following a max inspiration

Question 14

What is FEV1?

Answer 14

Forced expiratory volume in one second
Volume of air that can be expired during the first second of expiration in an FVC determination

Question 15

What is a normal FEV1/FVC ratio?

Answer 15

> 75%

Question 16

Does parasympathetic stimulation cause bronchoconstriction or bronchodilation?

Answer 16

Bronchoconstriction

Question 17

What sympathetic receptors cause bronchodilation?

Answer 17

Beta 2