Week 1 Flashcards
For a 70 KG man what is the distrubtion of carbohydrate stores ?
Blood Glucose 3-5 g
Liver Glycogen 80-100 g
Muscle Glycogen 300-400g
How many calories in 1g of Glycogen ?
4 Kcal
How many Kilojules (kJ) in 1 calories (Kcal) ?
1kcal is equal to 4.184 KJ
What are the molecules that make up macronutrients
Carbs, Fats, Protein and water
What are the molecules that make up micronutrients
Vitamins, Minerals and trace elements(small amount of molecules)
What functions do carbohydrates contribute to ?
Energy source which is used in physical activity and the CNS (makes up 60% of energy intake), Contain fibre which has health benefits
What are the ways to classify carbohydrates on their chain length
Mono, Di, Olgio (3-10 carbon) and Polysaccharides
What are the three types that carbohydrates are found in food as ?
Sugar, Starches and Fibre
What are the functions of Fats ?
Energy source (30%), protection of vital organs, cell membrane constituents, precursors of bile, hormones and steroids, vitamin intake and palatability
What are the most abudant fat in a diet ?
Triglyceride
What constiutes a short chain fatty acid from a medium or long chain ?
Short chain is 6 or less, medium is 8-10 and Long chain is 12 or more
Whats the differemce between a saturated fatty acid and an unsaturated one ?
Saturated = No Double Bond
Unsaturated = One or More Double Bond
What are the functions of Proteins ?
- Proteins provide structure to all cells in the
human body, - amino acids have central roles in the
metabolism of organs and tissues, - precursor for the synthesis of body proteins,
- regulator of Neurotransmitters, Hormones,
DNA and rNA - 10% of energy intake
How many Amino Acids are there ?
20
How many Amino acids are essential ?
9
