Week 1

Question 1

What are some variety in cells ?

Answer 1

Cells take on a wide variety of shapes, and scale function. Emphasis on scale because there is a large variation in terms of size - some cells can be large and some can be small enough to grow communities on sand.

Question 2

Cell theory

Answer 2

1. Cell is the basic organizational unit of life
2. All organisms are comprised of one or more cells
3. Cans arise from preexisting cells

Question 3

What benefits does of cells arising from pre-existing cells imply ?

Answer 3

Being able to reproduce is the key feature that differentiates things between being alive and dead

Question 4

Two types of cells

Answer 4

Prokaryotic and eukaryotic

Question 5

Feature and function of prokaryotic cells

Answer 5

1. No nuclei for their DNA that is membrane bound (no membrane bound organelle in general)
2. Single called BUT can sometimes grow in chains & communities even though they arenot actually multi- cellular
3. Most known prokaryotes are bacteria and arche a

Question 6

Features of eukaryotic cells

Answer 6

1. Nuclei - membrane bound - membrane bound organelles in general.
2. Single called or multicellular
3. Plants, fungi, animals, humans

Question 7

Prokaryotic cell diagram

Answer 7

Be able to highlight how it has
Flagellum, ribosomes in cytolsol, outer membrane, DNA plasma membrane, cell wall, small size (1000 x smaller than eurkanystic cells ) and less DNA than eukaryotes

Question 8

Benefit of prokaryotes having less DNA

Answer 8

Bacteria can multiply faster since there is less to replicate (but has to be under the right conditions) .
That is why even though they are simple, they are extremely successful as they occupy every niche on earth.

Question 9

Eukaryotic cell plant diagram

Answer 9

Larger and more complex→ similar features so animal cells but plant cells also have:
Chloroplasts (photosythesis), cell wall (rigid structure), water filled racolves (because they don’t have a skeleton)

Question 10

Eukaryotic animal cell diagram

Answer 10

No cell wall, large membrane bound nucleus, large cell volume - cytosketon because of their size there needs to be some way to shuffle things around the cell that is why it is more Developed in plant & animal cells.

Question 11

Timeline (rough)

Answer 11

Prokaryotes → 3.5 - 3.8 billion years go
Eukaryotes → a billion years after
Prokaryotes came first and then eukaryotes s after looking more at it it is very possible that eukaryotes evolved. from prokaryotes