Week 1 Flashcards
What is hindsight bias?
The tendency to exaggerate, after learning an outcome, one’s ability to have foreseen how something turned out. Also known as the I-knew-it-all-along phenomenon.
What is Framing?
The way a question or an issue is posed; framing can influence people’s decisions and expressed opinions.
What is an independent variable?
The experimental factor that a researcher manipulates
What is the Dependent Variable?
The variable being measured, so called because it may depend on manipulations of the independent variable.
What is mundane realism?
Degree to which an experiment is superficially similar to everyday situations.
What is Experimental realism?
Degree to which an experiment absorbs and involves its participants.
What are Demand characteristics?
Cues in an experiment that tell the participant what behavior is expected.
What is Informed consent?
An ethical principle that requiring that research participants be told enough to choose whether they want to participate.
What is one advantage to using Correlational Research?
You often use real-world settings.
What is a disadvantage to Experimental research?
Some important variables cannot be studied.
What is confirmation bias?
The tendency to only look for information that confirms one’s expectations.
What is “self-fulfilling prophecy”?
A misconception, but a misconception that later becomes true.
What is behavioral confirmation?
What takes place when a person’s social expectations lead them to act in a way that causes others to confirm those expectations.
What is change blindness?
A phenomenon in which major changes to a visual scene go unnoticed.
What is a meta-analysis?
A statistical technique that combines and analyzes the results from different studies (literally, an analysis of analyses).
