Week 1 Flashcards
Definition of a Cloud:
“Cloud computing provides user and enterprise subscribers on-demand delivery of various IT services as a
service over a network.”
Amazon Web Services is an example of what cloud model?
Public Cloud
Do clouds have to be connected to the internet?
No. Cloud computing is an IT service which may be
connected to the Internet but connection to the Internet is not required.
Clouds are dependent on virtualization technologies
True
Which cloud type allows for the creation of cloud
instances (virtual machines), virtual networks, and shared storage?
Infrastructure as a Service
Which cloud type are prebuilt instances configured for a certain
purpose?
Platform as a Service
____ is a cloud approach where the software provider deploys their product into
a cloud environment and users access it from their own device.
Software as a Service
Office 365 is an example of what cloud type?
Software as a Service
Which cloud model is for two or more organizations for their
mutual benefit?
Community Cloud
What is a Hybrid Cloud?
Combination of two other cloud models
What’s the name of the first GUI ever made?
X Windows
What two problems often occurred when estimating system requirements for single-purpose servers?
- System was too small or weak and had to be replaced before its normal end of life
- System was far too strong and was never used to its full potential, wasting money
What is a common problem found by system integrators when porting a program from windows to Linux?
Linux is case sensitive, Windows is not. Programs need to be written with that in mind.
What is the highest practical uptime achievable today?
99.999% (five nines/5 minutes,15 seconds of downtime a year)
How many server per service are required for 99.999% uptime?
3
What are the two key innovations that support entire system virtualization?
- Built-in virtualization support
- hypervisor software that provides a software
environment that looks like hardware to a virtualized computer system
What are some examples of times you /shouldn’t/ virtualize something?
- You need a physical DC for Windows AD
- A database server needs so much memory it’s not practical
- The software uses a physical hardware USB key to activate it
What is a container?
A container is a standard unit of software that packages up code and all its dependencies so the
application runs quickly and reliably from one computing environment to another.
What is a microservice?
A containerized program that works in tandem with other microservices to provide the full functionality of an application.
What are the benefits of using microservices with an orchestration tool?
- Updated microservices can replace the existing ones without bringing down the whole
application in most cases - failed updates can be rolled back
- If the orchestration tool supports HA you can make applications HA compliant without coding changes
- You can scale applications by adjusting their configuration, with no need to touch code
What is system integration?
The process of getting all parts of an IT service (application) to work correctly
together to provide a functioning service
What is system scaling?
The process of adjusting the amount of compute (cpu, memory, entire virtual
machines, etc.), networking, and storage resources allocated to an IT service based on the demand for
that service
What is an important distinction between the process of scaling storage for a file server and the process of scaling storage for a database server?
Always consult with the database
administrator first, database management views give much more accurate reports on remaining storage than system management views.
True or false: Scaling, by adding network bandwidth, memory and/or processor cores to a database
server, is often the solution for database performance problems? Support your answer.
False. Design and implementation flaws
in the applications using one or more databases on the database server commonly produce
performance issues that appear to be database server issues. These are often actually caused by inefficient complex SQL queries or functions.
