Week 1 Flashcards
A software developer is the person with the training to design, create, and test computer programs.
True
A bit that is turned off is represented by the value -1.
False
IDLE is an alternative method to using a text editor to write, execute, and test a Python program.
True
A computer is a single device that performs different types of tasks for its users.
False
All programs are normally stored in ROM and are loaded into RAM as needed for processing.
False
The instruction set for a microprocessor is unique and is typically understood only by the microprocessors of the same brand.
True
The CPU understands instructions written in a binary machine language.
True
The main reason to use secondary storage is to hold data for long periods of time, even when the power supply to the computer is turned off.
True
RAM is a volatile memory used for temporary storage while a program is running.
True
The Python language uses a compiler which is a program that both translates and executes the instructions in a high-level language.
False
Programs are commonly referred to as
a. system software
b. software
c. application software
d. utility programs
B. Software
Which of the following is considered to be the world’s first programmable electronic computer?
a. IBM
b. Dell
c. ENIAC
d. Gateway
C. ENIAC
Where does a computer store a program and the data that the program is working with while the program is running?
a. in main memory
b. in the CPU
c. in secondary storage
d. in the microprocessor
A. Main Memory
What type of volatile memory is usually used only for temporary storage while running a program?
a. ROM
b. TMM
c. RAM
d. TVM
C. RAM
Which of the following is not a microprocessor manufacturing company?
a. Intel
b. Dell
c. AMD
d. Motorola
B. Dell
Which computer language uses short words known as mnemonics for writing programs?
a. Assembly
b. Java
c. Pascal
d. Visual Basic
A. Assembly
The process known as the __________ cycle is used by the CPU to execute instructions in a program.
a. decode-fetch-execute
b. decode-execute-fetch
c. fetch-decode-execute
d. fetch-execute-decode
C. Fetch-Decode-Execute
Which language is referred to as a low-level language?
a. C++
b. Assembly language
c. Java
d. Python
B. Assembly language
The following is an example of an instruction written in which computer language?
10110000
a. Assembly language
b. Java
c. machine language
d. C#
C. Machine Language
The encoding technique used to store negative numbers in the computer’s memory is called
a. Unicode
b. ASCII
c. floating-point notation
d. two’s complement
D. Two’s complement
The __________ coding scheme contains a set of 128 numeric codes that are used to represent characters in the computer’s memory.
a. Unicode
b. ASCII
c. ENIAC
d. two’s complement
B. ASCII
The smallest storage location in a computer’s memory is known as a
a. byte
b. ketter
c. switch
d. bit
D. Bit
What is the largest value that can be stored in one byte?
a. 255
b. 128
c. 8
d. 65535
A. 255
The disk drive is a secondary storage device that stores data by __________ encoding it onto a spinning circular disk.
a. electrically
b. magnetically
c. digitally
d. optically
B. Magnetically
A __________ has no moving parts and operates faster than a traditional disk drive.
a. DVD drive
b. solid state drive
c. jumper drive
d. hyper drive
B. Solid State Drive
Which of the following is not a major component of a typical computer system?
a. the CPU
b. main memory
c. the operating system
d. secondary storage devices
C. Operating System
Which type of error prevents the program from running?
a. syntax
b. human
c. grammatical
d. logical
A. Syntax
What is the decimal value of the following binary number?
10011101
a. 157
b. 8
c. 156
d. 28
A. 157
Select all that apply. To create a Python program you can use
a. a text editor
b. a word processor if you save your file as a .docx
c. IDLE
d. Excel
A. Text Editor and
C. IDLE
A(n) ___________ is a set of instructions that a computer follows to perform a task.
Program
The term ___________ refers to all the physical devices that make up a computer.
Hardware
The __________ is the part of the computer that actually runs programs and is the most important component in a computer.
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
A disk drive stores data by __________ encoding it onto a circular disk.
Magnetically
__________ are small central processing unit chips.
Microprocessors
__________ is a type of memory that can hold data for long periods of time, even when there is no power to the computer.
Secondary Storage
Main memory is commonly known as _______________.
Random Access Memory (RAM)
USB drives store data using __________ memory.
Flash
The Python __________ is a program that can read Python programming statements and execute them
Interpreter
In __________ mode, the interpreter reads the contents of a file that contains Python statements and executes each statement.
Script
List the five major components of a computer system.
The Central Processing Unit (CPU),
Main Memory,
Secondary Storage Devices,
Input Devices,
Output Devices
A component that collects data from people or other devices and send it to the computer is called _____.
a. an output device
b. an input device
c. a secondary storage device
d. main memory
b. an input device
A video is a(n) _____ device.
a. an output device
b. an input device
c. a secondary storage device
d. main memory
a. an output device
A _____ is enough memory to store a letter of the alphabet or a small number.
a. byte
b. bit
c. switch
d. transistor
a. byte
A byte is made up of eight _____.
a. CPUs
b. instructions
c. variables
d. bits
d. bits
In the _____ numbering system, all numeric values are written as sequences of 0s and 1s.
a. hexadecimal
b. binary
c. octal
d. decimal
b. binary
A bit that is turned off represents:
0
A set of 128 numeric codes that represent the English letters, various punctuation marks, and other characters is _____.
a. binary numbering
b. ASCII
c. Unicode
d. ENIAC
b. ASCII
An extensive encoding scheme that can represent characters for many languages in the world is ______.
a. binary numbering
b. ASCII
c. Unicode
d. ENIAC
c. Unicode
Negative numbers are encoded using the ______ technique.
a. two’s complement
b. floating point
c. ASCII
d. Unicode
a. two’s complement
Real numbers are encoded using the _____ technique
a. two’s complement
b. floating point
c. ASCII
d. Unicode
b. floating point
The tiny dots of color that digital images are composed of are called __________.
a. bits
b. bytes
c. color packets
d. pixels
d. pixels
If you were to look at a machine language program, you would see __________.
a. Python code
b. a stream of binary numbers
c. English words
d. circuits
b. a stream of binary numbers
In the __________ part of the fetch-decode-execute cycle, the CPU determines which
operation it should perform.
a. fetch
b. decode
c. execute
d. deconstruct
b. decode
Computers can only execute programs that are written in __________.
a. Java
b. assembly language
c. machine language
d. Python
c. machine language
The __________ translates an assembly language program to a machine language
program.
a. assembler
b. compiler
c. translator
d. interpreter
a. assembler
The words that make up a high-level programming language are called __________.
a. binary instructions
b. mnemonics
c. commands
d. key words
d. key words
The rules that must be followed when writing a program are called __________.
a. syntax
b. punctuation
c. key words
d. operators
a. syntax
A(n) __________ program translates a high-level language program into a separate
machine language program.
a. assembler
b. compiler
c. translator
d. utility
b. compiler
Today, CPUs are huge devices made of electrical and mechanical components such as vacuum tubes and switches.
False
Any piece of data that is stored in a computer’s memory must be stored as a binary number.
True
Images, like the ones created with your digital camera, cannot be stored as binary numbers.
False
Machine language is the only language that a CPU understands
True
Assembly language is considered a high-level language.
False
An interpreter is a program that both translates and executes the instructions in a highlevel language program
True
A syntax error does not prevent a program from being compiled and executed.
False
Windows, Linux, Android, iOS, and macOS are all examples of application software.
False
Word processing programs, spreadsheet programs, email programs, web browsers, and games are all examples of utility programs.
False
How does the main memory and the secondary storage of a computer differ from each
other?
The main memory is temporary and volatile, that is its contents are erased when power is removed from the computer. Secondary memory does not lose its contents when power is removed from the computer.
The main memory is where the computer stores a program while the program is running, as well as data that the program is working with. The secondary memory can hold data for long periods of time.
What number does a bit that is turned on represent?
1
How many different characters can be represented in ASCII? Name the character set that addresses this limitation.
The ASCII character set is a 7-bit set of codes that allows 128 different characters.
What is an individual instruction in a program written in a high-level programming language called?
statements
What are the short words that are used in assembly language called?
Mnemonic
What is the difference between a compiler and an interpreter?
Interpreter translates just one statement of the program at a time into machine code.
Compiler scans the entire program and translates the whole of it into machine code at once.
What type of software controls the internal operations of the computer’s hardware?
operating system
