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PRO > Week 1 > Flashcards

Week 1 Flashcards

1
Q

A software developer is the person with the training to design, create, and test computer programs.

A

True

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2
Q

A bit that is turned off is represented by the value -1.

A

False

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3
Q

IDLE is an alternative method to using a text editor to write, execute, and test a Python program.

A

True

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4
Q

A computer is a single device that performs different types of tasks for its users.

A

False

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5
Q

All programs are normally stored in ROM and are loaded into RAM as needed for processing.

A

False

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6
Q

The instruction set for a microprocessor is unique and is typically understood only by the microprocessors of the same brand.

A

True

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7
Q

The CPU understands instructions written in a binary machine language.

A

True

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8
Q

The main reason to use secondary storage is to hold data for long periods of time, even when the power supply to the computer is turned off.

A

True

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9
Q

RAM is a volatile memory used for temporary storage while a program is running.

A

True

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10
Q

The Python language uses a compiler which is a program that both translates and executes the instructions in a high-level language.

A

False

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11
Q

Programs are commonly referred to as
a. system software
b. software
c. application software
d. utility programs

A

B. Software

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12
Q

Which of the following is considered to be the world’s first programmable electronic computer?
a. IBM
b. Dell
c. ENIAC
d. Gateway

A

C. ENIAC

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13
Q

Where does a computer store a program and the data that the program is working with while the program is running?
a. in main memory
b. in the CPU
c. in secondary storage
d. in the microprocessor

A

A. Main Memory

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14
Q

What type of volatile memory is usually used only for temporary storage while running a program?
a. ROM
b. TMM
c. RAM
d. TVM

A

C. RAM

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15
Q

Which of the following is not a microprocessor manufacturing company?
a. Intel
b. Dell
c. AMD
d. Motorola

A

B. Dell

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16
Q

Which computer language uses short words known as mnemonics for writing programs?
a. Assembly
b. Java
c. Pascal
d. Visual Basic

A

A. Assembly

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17
Q

The process known as the __________ cycle is used by the CPU to execute instructions in a program.
a. decode-fetch-execute
b. decode-execute-fetch
c. fetch-decode-execute
d. fetch-execute-decode

A

C. Fetch-Decode-Execute

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18
Q

Which language is referred to as a low-level language?
a. C++
b. Assembly language
c. Java
d. Python

A

B. Assembly language

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19
Q

The following is an example of an instruction written in which computer language?
10110000
a. Assembly language
b. Java
c. machine language
d. C#

A

C. Machine Language

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20
Q

The encoding technique used to store negative numbers in the computer’s memory is called
a. Unicode
b. ASCII
c. floating-point notation
d. two’s complement

A

D. Two’s complement

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21
Q

The __________ coding scheme contains a set of 128 numeric codes that are used to represent characters in the computer’s memory.
a. Unicode
b. ASCII
c. ENIAC
d. two’s complement

A

B. ASCII

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22
Q

The smallest storage location in a computer’s memory is known as a
a. byte
b. ketter
c. switch
d. bit

A

D. Bit

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23
Q

What is the largest value that can be stored in one byte?
a. 255
b. 128
c. 8
d. 65535

A

A. 255

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24
Q

The disk drive is a secondary storage device that stores data by __________ encoding it onto a spinning circular disk.
a. electrically
b. magnetically
c. digitally
d. optically

A

B. Magnetically

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25
Q

A __________ has no moving parts and operates faster than a traditional disk drive.
a. DVD drive
b. solid state drive
c. jumper drive
d. hyper drive

A

B. Solid State Drive

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26
Q

Which of the following is not a major component of a typical computer system?
a. the CPU
b. main memory
c. the operating system
d. secondary storage devices

A

C. Operating System

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27
Q

Which type of error prevents the program from running?
a. syntax
b. human
c. grammatical
d. logical

A

A. Syntax

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28
Q

What is the decimal value of the following binary number?
10011101
a. 157
b. 8
c. 156
d. 28

A

A. 157

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29
Q

Select all that apply. To create a Python program you can use
a. a text editor
b. a word processor if you save your file as a .docx
c. IDLE
d. Excel

A

A. Text Editor and
C. IDLE

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30
Q

​A(n) ___________ is a set of instructions that a computer follows to perform a task.

A

Program

31
Q

The term ___________ refers to all the physical devices that make up a computer.

A

Hardware

32
Q

The __________ is the part of the computer that actually runs programs and is the most important component in a computer.

A

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

33
Q

​A disk drive stores data by __________ encoding it onto a circular disk.

A

Magnetically

34
Q

__________ are small central processing unit chips.

A

Microprocessors

35
Q

​__________ is a type of memory that can hold data for long periods of time, even when there is no power to the computer.

A

Secondary Storage

36
Q

Main memory is commonly known as _______________.

A

Random Access Memory (RAM)

37
Q

USB drives store data using __________ memory.

A

Flash

38
Q

The Python __________ is a program that can read Python programming statements and execute them

A

Interpreter

39
Q

In __________ mode, the interpreter reads the contents of a file that contains Python statements and executes each statement.

A

Script

40
Q

List the five major components of a computer system.

A

The Central Processing Unit (CPU),
Main Memory,
Secondary Storage Devices,
Input Devices,
Output Devices

41
Q

A component that collects data from people or other devices and send it to the computer is called _____.
a. an output device
b. an input device
c. a secondary storage device
d. main memory

A

b. an input device

42
Q

A video is a(n) _____ device.
a. an output device
b. an input device
c. a secondary storage device
d. main memory

A

a. an output device

43
Q

A _____ is enough memory to store a letter of the alphabet or a small number.
a. byte
b. bit
c. switch
d. transistor

A

a. byte

44
Q

A byte is made up of eight _____.
a. CPUs
b. instructions
c. variables
d. bits

A

d. bits

45
Q

In the _____ numbering system, all numeric values are written as sequences of 0s and 1s.
a. hexadecimal
b. binary
c. octal
d. decimal

A

b. binary

46
Q

A bit that is turned off represents:

A

0

47
Q

A set of 128 numeric codes that represent the English letters, various punctuation marks, and other characters is _____.
a. binary numbering
b. ASCII
c. Unicode
d. ENIAC

A

b. ASCII

48
Q

An extensive encoding scheme that can represent characters for many languages in the world is ______.
a. binary numbering
b. ASCII
c. Unicode
d. ENIAC

A

c. Unicode

49
Q

Negative numbers are encoded using the ______ technique.
a. two’s complement
b. floating point
c. ASCII
d. Unicode

A

a. two’s complement

50
Q

Real numbers are encoded using the _____ technique
a. two’s complement
b. floating point
c. ASCII
d. Unicode

A

b. floating point

51
Q

The tiny dots of color that digital images are composed of are called __________.
a. bits
b. bytes
c. color packets
d. pixels

A

d. pixels

52
Q

If you were to look at a machine language program, you would see __________.
a. Python code
b. a stream of binary numbers
c. English words
d. circuits

A

b. a stream of binary numbers

53
Q

In the __________ part of the fetch-decode-execute cycle, the CPU determines which
operation it should perform.
a. fetch
b. decode
c. execute
d. deconstruct

A

b. decode

54
Q

Computers can only execute programs that are written in __________.
a. Java
b. assembly language
c. machine language
d. Python

A

c. machine language

55
Q

The __________ translates an assembly language program to a machine language
program.
a. assembler
b. compiler
c. translator
d. interpreter

A

a. assembler

56
Q

The words that make up a high-level programming language are called __________.
a. binary instructions
b. mnemonics
c. commands
d. key words

A

d. key words

57
Q

The rules that must be followed when writing a program are called __________.
a. syntax
b. punctuation
c. key words
d. operators

A

a. syntax

58
Q

A(n) __________ program translates a high-level language program into a separate
machine language program.
a. assembler
b. compiler
c. translator
d. utility

A

b. compiler

59
Q

Today, CPUs are huge devices made of electrical and mechanical components such as vacuum tubes and switches.

A

False

60
Q

Any piece of data that is stored in a computer’s memory must be stored as a binary number.

A

True

61
Q

Images, like the ones created with your digital camera, cannot be stored as binary numbers.

A

False

62
Q

Machine language is the only language that a CPU understands

A

True

63
Q

Assembly language is considered a high-level language.

A

False

64
Q

An interpreter is a program that both translates and executes the instructions in a highlevel language program

A

True

65
Q

A syntax error does not prevent a program from being compiled and executed.

A

False

66
Q

Windows, Linux, Android, iOS, and macOS are all examples of application software.

A

False

67
Q

Word processing programs, spreadsheet programs, email programs, web browsers, and games are all examples of utility programs.

A

False

68
Q

How does the main memory and the secondary storage of a computer differ from each
other?

A

The main memory is temporary and volatile, that is its contents are erased when power is removed from the computer. Secondary memory does not lose its contents when power is removed from the computer.

The main memory is where the computer stores a program while the program is running, as well as data that the program is working with. The secondary memory can hold data for long periods of time.

69
Q

What number does a bit that is turned on represent?

A

1

70
Q

How many different characters can be represented in ASCII? Name the character set that addresses this limitation.

A

The ASCII character set is a 7-bit set of codes that allows 128 different characters.

71
Q

What is an individual instruction in a program written in a high-level programming language called?

A

statements

72
Q

What are the short words that are used in assembly language called?

A

Mnemonic

73
Q

What is the difference between a compiler and an interpreter?

A

Interpreter translates just one statement of the program at a time into machine code.
Compiler scans the entire program and translates the whole of it into machine code at once.

74
Q

What type of software controls the internal operations of the computer’s hardware?

A

operating system

PRO (11 decks)

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