Week 1 Flashcards
Study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter, the processes that matter undergoes, and the energy changes that accompany these processes
Chemistry
anything that has mass and occupies space
Matter
characteristic that can be observed and measured without changing the identity and composition of the substance.
Physical Property
takes place without any changes in molecular composition.
Physical Change
ability of a substance to undergo changes to transform into a different substance
Chemical Property
result in one or more substances of entirely different composition
Chemical Changes
depends on the amount of matter present
Extensive Property
depends on the type of matter
Intensive Property
unchanging or specific composition
Pure Substance
different pure substances that are physically combined in variable proportions
Mixture
simplest type of matter that is composed of only one kind of atom
Element
two or more elements combined chemically in definite proportions
Compound
mixture in which the composition throughout is uniform
Homogenous Mixture
mixture whose components are not evenly distributed
Heterogenous Mixture
technique used for the purification of substances
Crystallization
separation technique to separate solids from a solution
Crystallization
used to separate solids from liquids or gases using a filter medium that allows the fluid to pass through but not the solid
Filtration
fluid that passes through the filter
Filtrate
solid that traps solid particles
Surface filter
bed of material that traps solid.
Depth Filter
uses gravity to filter a mixture
General Filtration
used to quickly cool a solution, prompting the formation of small crystals;
Cold Filtration
the solution, filter, and funnel are heated to minimize crystal formation during filtration
Hot Filtration
allows a mixture of solid and liquid or two immiscible liquids to settle and separate by gravity
Decantation
separates a mixture of solids, one of which is sublime
Sublimation
used to separate out homogeneous mixtures where there are one or more dissolved solids
Evaporation
effective method to separate mixtures comprised of two or more liquids; a purification process where the components of a liquid mixture are vaporized and then condensed and isolated.
Simple Distillation
process by which components in a chemical mixture are separated into different parts (called fractions) according to their different boiling points
Fractional Distillation
separation of a mixture by passing it in solution or suspension or as a vapor
Chromatography
