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Head and Neck - OSPE 3 > Week 1 > Flashcards

Week 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Most common type of joint between bones of the skull?

A

Synchondroses joint

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2
Q

Sutures are what type of joint?

A

Fibrous

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3
Q

What are the three main sutures of the head and what bones do they connect?

A

Coronal: Frontal and parietal bones
Sagittal: Both parietal bones
Lamboid: Occipital and parietal bones

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4
Q

Not fully fused bones in an infant are called… Which is the first to fuse?

A

Fontanelles. Anterior and Posterior are the main ones.

Sphenoid and posterior.

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5
Q

Occipital bone has what special prominences

A

Occipital protuberance

Occipital condyles

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6
Q

What are the facial sinuses?

A

Frontal sinus
Sphenoid sinus
Ethmoid air cells
Maxillary sinus

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7
Q

3 bones of the ear

A

Malleus, Incus, Stapes

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8
Q

What structures pass through the foramen magnum?

A

Medulla

Vertebral and Spinal arteries

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9
Q

What are the muscles of facial expression?

A 
Occipital frontalis 
Orbicularis occuli - palpebral and orbital
Orbicularis oris 
Zygomaticus 
Buccinator 
Masseter 
Platysma
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10
Q

What are the three branches of the trigeminal nerves? What nerve fibres do they carry and where do they exit the skull from?

A

V1: Opthalmic (Sensory), supraorbital fissure
V2: Maxillary (Sensory), foramen rotundum
V3: Mandibular (Sensory and Motor), foramen ovale

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11
Q

Cutaneous innervation of head?

A

Anteriorly: V1, V2, V3 do what they say they do.
Posteriorly: C2, C3, C4

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12
Q

Which layer of scalp has blood vessels present?

A

Dense connective tissue

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13
Q

What are the blood vessels of the scalp and where do they originate?

A 
Supratrochlear - ICA
Supraorbital - ICA
Superficial temporal - ECA
Posterior auricular artery - ECA
Occipital artery -ECA
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14
Q

Small little holes at the top of the skull what are they for?

A

Emissary veins

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15
Q

Purpose of emissary veins?

A

Connect extracranial and intracranial venous systems

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16
Q

Facial nerve branches

A 
Temporal 
Zygomatic
Buccal 
Mandibular 
Cervical
17
Q

Purpose of each muscle of facial expression:
Orbicularis occuli - palpebral and orbital
Occipitalis
Occipital frontalis
Buccinator
Platysma
Zygomaticus

A

Orbicularis occuli - palpebral: Gently close eyelids
Orbicularis occuli - orbital: Close eyes tightly
Occipitalis: retract scalp
Occipital frontalis: raise eyebrows
Buccinator: Aids mastication
Platysma: Wrinkles neck, frown muscles
Zygomaticus: Smiling muscles

18
Q

Facial nerve palsy on one side leads to:

A

Facial drooping
Affected side corner of mouth pulled down
Affected side nasolabial fold lost
Affected eyelid relaxed

19
Q

What structures pass into the parotid gland?

A

Facial nerve
External carotid artery
Retromandibular vein

20
Q

What cranial nerve innervates parotid gland and what fibres does it carry?

A

Cranial nerve IX

Parasympathetic fibres

21
Q

Which bones does the facial artery wind around to reach the face?

A

Mandibular (tortorous)

22
Q

Which muscle on the side of the face lies immediately posterior to the facial artery as it enters?

A

Digastric

23
Q

Which salivary gland does the facial artery groove?

A

Submandibular

24
Q

Where does the facial artery end?

A

Terminates as angular nasal artery

25
Q

Where do the facial veins and superficial temporal veins drain into?

A

Drain into the IVC

26
Q

What is in the common carotid sheath?

A

IJV
Common carotid artery
Vagus nerve

27
Q

What kind of joint between C1 and C2 at the odontoid peg?

A

Synovial joint

28
Q

Where does the common carotid bifurcate?

A

C4

29
Q

Which is more lateral, ECA or ICA?

A

ICA

30
Q

What are the two terminal branches of the ECA and which gland are they given off at?

A

Superficial temporal artery and Maxillary artery

Parotid gland

31
Q

Thyroid arteries and where they come from?

A

Superior: ECA
Inferior: Subclavian artery

32
Q

Thyroid veins and where they drain?

A

Superior: IJV
Middle: IJV
Inferior: Brachiocephalic

33
Q

Where does the EJV drain into?

A

Subclavian vein

34
Q

Vertebral root values of cervical plexus?

A

C1-C4

35
Q

Trachea begins at what vertebral level?

A

C6

Head and Neck - OSPE 3 (5 decks)

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