week 1

Question 0

what is hypotonicity?

Answer 0

low tone or decreased resistance to stretch compared with normal muscles.

Question 1

what is muscle tone?

Answer 1

the underlying tension in a muscle that serves as a background for contraction.

Question 2

identify the stages of fracture healing.

Answer 2

impaction, induction, inflammation, soft callus, hard callus, remodeling

Question 3

what are the three stages of healing ?

Answer 3

Inflammation, proliferation phase, maturation phase

Question 4

what are the cardinal signs of inflammation?

Answer 4

heat, redness, swelling, pain, loss of function

Question 5

what is contracture?

Answer 5

the shortening or tightening of skin, muscle, fascia or joint capsule

Question 6

what are the events of thee inflammatory phase?

Answer 6

vascular, hemostatic, cellular, immune

Question 7

what do leukocytes do during the inflammatory phase?

Answer 7

clean up

Question 8

what do macrophages assist with during inflammatory phase?

Answer 8

assist with the healing process

Question 9

what is hematoma and hemarthrosis?

Answer 9

accumulation of blood in a tissue or organ

bloody fluid that is present in a joint

Question 10

what are the four phases that occur during the proliferation phase?

Answer 10

Epithelialization, collagen production, wound contraction, neovascularization.

Question 11

what is epithelialization?

Answer 11

reestablishment of the epidermis

Question 12

what is granulation tissue?

Answer 12

tissue containing newly formed capillaries, fibroblasts and myofibroblasts

Question 13

what is transudate?

Answer 13

the fluid that first form edema during inflammation has very few cells and very little protein

Question 14

what is a disability?

Answer 14

the inability to preform activities required for self care, home, work, and community roles.

Question 15

functional limitations

Answer 15

restrictions in the ability to perform an activity in an efficient, typically expected, or competent manner

Question 16

name the events of the inflammatory phase.

Answer 16

vascular response, hemostatic response, cellular response, immune response

Question 17

(cellular response)

hematoma

Answer 17

accumulation of blood in a tissue or organ

Question 18

(cellular Response)

Hemarthrosis

Answer 18

bloody fluid that is present in a joint

Question 19

what are the 4 processes that occur simultaneously during the proliferation phase are:

Answer 19

Epithelialization, collagen production, wound contraction, neovascularization

Question 20

Epithelialization

Answer 20

reestablishment of the epidermis, provides a protective layer

Question 21

collagen production

Answer 21

collagen serves a dual purpose providing strength ad facilitating the movement of other cells.

Question 22

transudate

Answer 22

the fluid that first form edema during inflammation has very few cells and very little protein

Question 23

exudate

Answer 23

has cloudy appearance forms in response to minor injuries

Question 24

wound contraction

Answer 24

linear, contract rapidly square or rectangular, contract moderately circular wounds, contract more slowly

Question 25

(wound Contraction) | list all three

Answer 25

primary intention or primary union secondary intention or indirect union delayed primary intention

Question 26

What is a Keliod scars?

Answer 26

it extends beyond the borders of the wound.

Question 27

Hypertrophic scars

Answer 27

are a raised area within the borders of the wound.

Question 28

(stages of inflammation) | name the three stages

Answer 28

acute inflammation lasting two weeks subacute inflammation more then 4 weeks chronic inflammation months or years

Question 29

myositis ossificans

Answer 29

after a sever contusion, a calcified hematoma may develop

Question 30

what are the two mechanisms of healing bone?

Answer 30

primary and secondary

Question 31

define a muscle spasm

Answer 31

an involuntary, strong contraction of a muscle

Question 32

what is acute pain?

Answer 32

less than 6 months

Question 33

what is chronic pain?

Answer 33

it can persists beyond the usual or expected length of time for healing

Question 34

what is referred pain?

Answer 34

this is when pain is felt in one location but the damage is in another location.

Question 35

the two pain scales we use are....

Answer 35

the VAS and the NRS

Question 36

what is a sensutuzation?

Answer 36

a lowering of the pain threshold that increases the experience of pain.

Question 37

define analgesia?

Answer 37

reduced sensibility to pain

Question 38

define allodynia

Answer 38

pain that occurs in response to stimuli that do not usually produce pain

Question 39

define hyperalgesia

Answer 39

increased sensitivity to noxious stimuli

Question 40

define phagocytosis

Answer 40

ingestion and digestion of bacteria and particles by a cell

Question 41

define inflammation

Answer 41

the immediate response of the body to destroy or isolate the cells or agents involoved.

Question 42

what is the hemostatic response?

Answer 42

the sealing off of blood vessels to allow blood clot to form

Question 43

C fibers

Answer 43

dull throbbing aching or burning

Question 44

A Delta fibers

Answer 44

A before C sharp stabbing or pricking

Question 45

A beta fibers

Answer 45

sensation