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Biology > Week 1 > Flashcards

Week 1 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

The five major themes

A
  • Evolution
  • Organization
  • Information
  • Interaction
  • Energy & Matter
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2
Q

Describe the levels of organization among living things

A

Levels of organization reduce complex anatomical structures into groups; this organization makes the components easier to understand.

The biological levels of organization of living things arrange from the simplest to most complex.

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3
Q

What are the levels of organization (there are 12)

A
  1. Atom (Carbon, hydrogen, etc)
  2. Molecule (Water, Salt, DNA, etc)
  3. Organelle (Nucleus, Mitochondria)
  4. Cell (Nerve cell, muscle cell, etc)
  5. Tissue (Nervous tissue, muscle tissue, etc)
  6. Organ (Brain, heart, etc)
  7. Organ system (Nervous system, etc)
  8. Organism (Fish, bug, etc)
  9. Population (Fishes in the Pink Lake)
  10. Community (all the animals/plant in Pink Lake)
  11. Ecosystem (Gatineau park + microgen + us)
  12. Biosphere (Earth/global process)

⭐️ The biosphere is the most important since it is the collection of all the ecosystem and represents the zones of life on earth.

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4
Q

What is the meaning of ‘’organism’’

A

Survival and reproduction; the unit of natural selection

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5
Q

What is the meaning of ‘’population’’

A

Population dynamics; the unit of evolution

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6
Q

What is the meaning of ‘’community’’

A

Interactions among populations

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7
Q

What is the meaning of ‘’ecosystem’’

A

Energy flux and cycling of nutrients

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8
Q

What is the meaning of ‘’biosphere’’

A

Global processes

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9
Q

Define emergents proprieties

A

An emergent propriety is a property which a collection or complex system has, but which the individual members do not have.

IE. Heart is made of heart cells but heart cells on their own don’t have the property of pumping blood. You will need the whole heart to pump the blood.

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10
Q

Explain the relationship between structure & function

A

Structure determines function. The way that something is arranged enables it play its role within an organism.

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11
Q

Describe how interactions in every level of organization ensures proper functioning

A

Each levels plays different roles and at the end it will all cohere together which will make it ensure proper functioning.

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12
Q

What is DNA?

A

DeoxyriboNucleic Acid

It is genetic information and unites all living organisms.

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13
Q

How does DNA relates to Unity and Diversity?

A

Since all living organisms store genetic information using the same molecules (DNA) but with DNA mutations it gives us biodiversity.

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14
Q

What is the relationship between DNA and proteins?

A

The DNA carries the genetic information for making proteins.

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15
Q

Identify the roles of energy and matter in biology

A

Energy has many forms such as sunlight, makes life possible, since organisms require energy for essential function such as reproduction and growth.

Matter (carbon dioxide and water) cycles through biological systems which is an essentiel for growth.

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16
Q

What is evolution?

A

It is change in the heritable (genetic) characteristics of population over time.

17
Q

Describe the process of evolution by natural selection

A
  1. Variation: There is genetic variation within a population which can be inherited
  2. Competition: Overproduction of offspring leads to competition for survival
  3. Adaptation: Individuals with beneficial adaptations are more likely to survive to pass on their genes
  4. Selection: Over many generations, there is a change in allele frequency (evolution)
  • Population with varied inherited traits
  • Elimination of individuals with certain traits
  • Reproduction of survivors
  • Increasing frequency of traits that enhance survival
18
Q

What is hypothesis?

A

It is a supposition explanation made in the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation.

19
Q

Describe the importance of control variables

A

They could influence the outcomes of the experiment, but it’s a variable that is not of interest to the study.

IE. Temperature, amount of light, amount of water,
participant age, noise in the environment, etc.

Biology (13 decks)

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