week 06 - social Flashcards
1
Q
regional context
A
- different activities take place based on features, scale, “urban vs. Mt. Rainier”
- city parks
- county parks
- regional parks
- state parks
- national parks
- int’l parks
2
Q
Parks Planning/Program
A
- current status: seminary falling apart, but no $
- public said NO to brewery & tech company
- Site now only used for active/passive recreation
- Active recreation: play park, gymnasium, (pool), biking, horseback riding
- Passive: hiking / walking, picnics, birding, shoreline activity
3
Q
unintended activities / mgmt challenges
A
- motor vehicles
- vandalism
- graffiti
- water activities (swings)
- personal security on trails
- site deterioration
- invasive species / hazard trees
- offsite social issues: neighbors cutting trails, bldg forts…
4
Q
recreation planning tools
A
- Planning Frameworks
- Analytic Tools
- Data Sources (Nat’l Visitor Use Mgmt)
5
Q
social case study: Slickrock Sand Flats
A
- used…
- concentration strategy: focus visitiation in certain areas
- access fees to fund maintenance/mgmt
- result: inc. visitors, dec. impacts
- ** visitors don’t mind density as much as mgrs expect (cognitive dissonance)
6
Q
social: why are standards established?
A
Standards are established for each indicator based on the management objectives that specify acceptable limits, or appropriate levels for environmental modification and use.
These actions are important because they lead to providing a quality recreation experience.
“quality” is a subjective terms… visitors & mgrs might disagree on definition!
7
Q
survey types / features
A
- in person / questionaire
- mail-in / online
- telephone
- not restricted to just Q/A
- could make a “traffic survey” (observational)
- fixed quantitative design
- small amount of data from a large sample size
- representative sample from a known pop.
- closed-ended
- but there’s no hard and fast rules…
8
Q
advantages of surveys
A
- All
- simple, straightforward
- adaptable
- data standardization
- Interviews
- interviewer can clarify Qs
- presence of interviewer encourages participation
- Mail-in
- large groups, large data sets
- low cost, short timeframe
- anonymity encourages frankness
- large geographic distribution
9
Q
disadvantages of surveys
A
- All
- context, discourse, & meaning can be lost
- lack of relation b/t attitude & behavior
- social desirability response bias
- data affected by character of respondents
- mail-in
- low response rate… is it still representative?
- misunderstandings not detected
- no control
- respondents may not take seriously
10
Q
interviews
A
- generally 1-on-1
- group settings, over the phone
- usually open-ended Qs
- Types
- structured
- semi-structured
- unstructured (flexi response; extreme: depth int)
- respondent interviews / informant interviews
- Content
- closed, open, or scale items/Qs
- probes/prompts
- proposed sequence of Qs
11
Q
advantages of interviews
A
- flexible / adaptable
- short-cut to answers (vs. observation)
- possible follow-up
- non-verbal cues
- rich, highly illuminating material
12
Q
disadvantages of interviews
A
- req’s skill / experience
- lack of standardization / reliability concerns / bias
- time consuming, req’s lots of prep
- geographically limiting
13
Q
other interview types
A
- informant interviews
- non-directive: in control of interviewee
- focused: situational analysis
- group interviews
- allows group interaction
- includes focus groups (homo/heterogenous)
- adv:
- efficient / inexpensive / quick setup
- checks/balances
- doesn’t exclude illiterates
- dis:
- limited # of Qs
- req’s expertise to facilitate
- lack of confidentiality / follow up
- adv:
- observation
- participant / structured / unobtrusive
- a: direct, contrasts/compl. other techniques
- d: difficult, time-consuming, observer effects
