Week 06: Chapters 10 and 11

Question 1

ubiquitous

Answer 1

Found everywhere.

Question 2

psychic determinism

Answer 2

The assumption that everything psychological has a cause that is, in principle, identifiable.

Question 3

id

Answer 3

In psychoanalytic theory, the repository of the drives, the emotions, and the primitive, unconscious part of the mind that wants everything now.

Question 4

ego

Answer 4

In psychoanalytic theory, the relatively rational part of the mind that balances the competing claims of the id, the superego, and reality.

Question 5

superego

Answer 5

In psychoanalytic theory, the part of the mind that consists of the conscience and the individual’s system of internalized rules of conduct, or morality.

Question 6

compromise formation

Answer 6

In modern psychoanalytic thought, the main job of the ego, which is to find a compromise among the different structures of the mind and the many different things the individual wants all at the same time. What the individual actually thinks and does is the result of this compromise.

Question 7

libido

Answer 7

In psychoanalytic theory, the drive toward the creation, nurturing, and enhancement of life (including but not limited to sex), or the energy stemming from this drive; also called psychic energy.

Question 8

Thanatos

Answer 8

In psychoanalytic theory, another term for the drive toward death, destruction, and decay.

Question 9

doctrine of opposites

Answer 9

In psychoanalytic theory, the idea that everything implies or contains its opposite.

Question 10

oral stage

Answer 10

In psychoanalytic theory, the stage of psychosexual development, from birth to about 18 months of age, during which the physical focus of the libido is located in the mouth, lips, and tongue.

Question 11

anal stage

Answer 11

In psychoanalytic theory, the stage of psychosexual development, from about 18 months to 3 or 4 years of age, in which the physical focus of the libido is located in the anus and associated elimina- tive organs.

Question 12

phaliic stage

Answer 12

In psychoanalytic theory, the stage of psychosexual development from about 4 to 7 years of age in which the physi- cal focus of the libido is the penis (for boys) and its lack (for girls).

Question 13

identification

Answer 13

In psychoanalytic theory, tak- ing on the values and worldview of another person (e.g., a parent).

Question 14

genital stage

Answer 14

In psychoanalytic theory, the final stage of psychosexual development, in which the physical focus of the libido is on the genitals, with an emphasis on het- erosexual relationships. The stage begins at about puberty, but is only fully attained when and if the individual achieves psychological maturity.

Question 15

mental health

Answer 15

According to Freud’s definition, the ability to both love and work.

Question 16

fixation

Answer 16

In psychoanalytic theory, leaving a disproportionate share of one’s libido behind at an earlier stage of development.

Question 17

regression

Answer 17

In psychoanalytic theory, retreating to an earlier, more immature stage of psychosexual development, usually be- cause of stress but sometimes in the service of play and creativity.

Question 18

secondary process thinking

Answer 18

In psychoanalytic theory, the term for rational and con-
scious processes of ordinary thought.

Question 19

primary process thinking

Answer 19

In psychoanalytic theory, the term for the strange and primitive style of unconscious thinking manifested by the id.

Question 20

condensation

Answer 20

In psychoanalytic theory, the method of primary process thinking in which several ideas are compressed into one.

Question 21

symbolization

Answer 21

In psychoanalytic theory, the process of primary process thinking

Question 22

conscious mind

Answer 22

That part of the mind’s activities of which one is aware.

Question 23

preconscious

Answer 23

Thoughts and ideas that temporarily reside just out of consciousness but which can be brought to mind quickly and easily.

Question 24

unconscious (mind)

Answer 24

Those areas and processes of the mind of which a person is not aware.

Question 25

parapraxis (plurial: parapraxes)

Answer 25

An unintentional utterance or action caused by a leakage from the uncon- scious parts of the mind; also called Freudian slip.

Question 26

defense mechanisms

Answer 26

In psychoanalytic theory, the mechanisms of the ego that serve to protect an individual from experiencing anxiety produced by conflicts with the id, superego, or reality.

Question 27

denial

Answer 27

In psychoanalytic theory, the defense mechanism that allows the mind to deny that a current source of anxiety exists.

Question 28

repression

Answer 28

In psychoanalytic theory, the defense mechanism that banishes the past from current awareness.

Question 29

reaction formation

Answer 29

In psychoanalytic theory, the defense mechanism that keeps an anxiety-producing impulse or thought in
check by producing its opposite.

Question 30

projection

Answer 30

In psychoanalytic theory, the defense mechanism of attributing to somebody else a thought or impulse one fears in oneself.

Question 31

rationalization

Answer 31

In psychoanalytic theory, the defense mechanism that produces a seemingly logical rationale for an impulse or thought that otherwise would cause anxiety.

Question 32

intellectualization

Answer 32

In psychoanalytic theory, the defense mechanism by which thoughts that otherwise would cause anxiety are translated into cool, analytic, nonarousing terms.

Question 33

displacement

Answer 33

In psychoanalytic theory, the defense mechanism that redirects an impulse from a dangerous target to a safe one.

Question 34

sublimation

Answer 34

In psychoanalytic theory, the defense mechanism that turns otherwise dangerous or anxiety-producing impulses toward constructive ends.

Question 35

transference

Answer 35

In psychoanalytic theory, the tendency to bring ways of thinking, feeling, and behavior that developed toward one important person into later relationships with different persons.

Question 36

neo-Freudian psychology

Answer 36

A general term for the psychoanalytically oriented work of many theorists and researchers who are in-fluenced by Freud’s theory.

Question 37

organ inferiority

Answer 37

In Adler’s version of psychoanalysis, the idea that people are motivated to succeed in adulthood in order to compensate for whatever they felt, in childhood, was their weakest aspect.

Question 38

masculine protest

Answer 38

In Adler’s version of psychoanalysis, the idea that a particular urge in adulthood is an attempt to compensate for one’s powerlessness felt in childhood.

Question 39

collective unconscious

Answer 39

In Jung’s version of psychoanalysis, the proposition that all people share certain unconscious ideas because of the history of the human species.

Question 40

archetypes

Answer 40

In Jung’s version of psychoanal- ysis, the fundamental images of people that are contained in the collective uncon- scious, including (among others) “the earth mother,” “the hero,” “the devil,” and “the supreme being.”

Question 41

persona

Answer 41

In Jung’s version of psychoanalysis, the social mask one wears in public dealings.

Question 42

anima

Answer 42

In Jung’s version of psychoanalysis, the idea of the typical female as held in the mind of a male.

Question 43

animus

Answer 43

In Jung’s version of psychoanalysis, the idea of the typical male as held in the mind of a female.

Question 44

attachment theory

Answer 44

A theoretical perspective that draws on psychoanalytic thought to describe the development and importance
of human attachments to emotionally significant other people.