Week 04

Question 1

roman empire and han dynasty

Answer 1

60 million people
roughly overlap in time
20-25% urban (all empires)
ancient agricultural societies had high rates of urban residence and urban population density

powerful governments drove city growth
still relied on farming
concentration of farmers and access to larger markets

forced migration to main cities
USA in 1850 had a lower urban rate than it did in the ancient world in these empires

Question 2

density, walls, and walkability

Answer 2

walls did not equal urban boundary

no transportation vehicles thus everything needed to be close

concentration of storage is ideal

Question 3

city building/city settlment

Answer 3

city building follows conquest
state directed migration

slaves, settlers, and the armies

armies are diverse to stop ethnic and cultural revolts

Question 4

city building: han China

Answer 4

forced migration and settlment

movement of wealthy families into the city

city building funded and influence through war and conquest

forms fortresses and economic centers

Question 5

grids and walls: Han china

Answer 5

planned cities, easy to walk, easy to control, efficient street planning, easy to police, good plan to continue development

Question 6

urban space: Han china`

Answer 6

palace and temple
markets and bath
barracks and jail
homes and fields

Question 7

example of Timgrad, Algeria

Answer 7

roman built town
distinct grid
outgrew original boundaries
monumental architecture
fortress town -> market town -> urban city

founded 100 BCE as millitary outpost

Question 8

crowing in ancient Rome

Answer 8

1 million people
not built on a grid (evolved from early river settlements)
lots of public spaces
very poor public health
(disease inpublic bath areas, garbage on street)

crowded and unequal city

Question 9

work and housing in ancient Rome

Answer 9

the elite controlled a lot of the wealth

(rents and productive property payed for by the slaves)

upper class people )creatives, merchants etc)
prosperous and making a living

they would live in insulas

Question 10

what were insulas

Answer 10

3-8 storey apartments where the wealthier lived on the bottom and poor on the top

Question 11

function of cities at this time (broad)

Answer 11

cities stored and transmitted learning and were powerful knowledge centers but also created vastly unequal wealth and social issues

Question 12

public space as power in ancient ROme

Answer 12

palaces, temples, towers

public executions

wealth and power expressed directly through the built environment

Question 13

knowledge and its transmission in Rome

Answer 13

scholars and documents
roads and urban networks
state sponsorship

religious beliefs and knowledge became more followed/related to than the direct teachings from the leaders

Question 14

religion and urban space in Ancient Rome

Answer 14

knowing your neighbours
neihgbourhoods were based on gods (zeus neighbourhood)

religion as political power

holy days and meetings in an urban setting

anchors the community cohesion

Question 15

everyday life in Rome

Answer 15

eating: rich ate indoors, poor ate out

a mediterranean diet
tavern life

cheap medicine, fortune tellers

conflict :elite campaigns agaisnt taverns

Question 16

ancient urban planning

Answer 16

planning as an idea
directing growth, services, development

shaping social and physical world
land use designation
as planners, design for whom?

Question 17

planning in the ancient world?

Answer 17

needs order and systems
must be functional
reinforce power of the state
walls and fortifications
monumental architecture
standardization and replication
grids (specializaiton and separation)

bi-sected by major roads

Question 18

the meaning of plans

Answer 18

common elements: order, stability, domiance, action mirrors form, stops time, decay and death

Question 19

architects

Answer 19

architects needed to have knowledge in many disciplines and were considered the broad thinkers of society

Question 20

public space as power

Answer 20

pakaces, temples, towers
public executions

more innocent the victim the better the lesson

Question 21

knowledge and its transmission

Answer 21

axial age
1000 BCE old cultures developed new perspectives on matters of the divine
transmission of ideas

Question 22

religion and urban space

Answer 22

roman “religion” no doctinr no official church
gods existed and humans needed to be on good terms with them

processions, holy days and the agricultural calendar

shrines and patron gods as neighbourhood anchors

Question 23

Chang’ An : capital of the western han : poltiics of urban space

Answer 23

built 200 BCE as new capital
250,000 people

160 wards of admin and residential districts

palace, temples, jails, academy, granary, markets, suburbs