week 01

Question 1

what is instrumentation?

Answer 1

Instrumentation involves technology and devices for measuring, monitoring, controlling, and analyzing physical quantities and systems.

Question 2

what is meant by Bioinstrumentation and measurement?

Answer 2

Bioinstrumentation and measurement involve using tools and techniques for data collection and measurements in biology and medicine, crucial for monitoring, research, diagnosis, and healthcare.

Question 3

What is the purpose of bioinstrumentation?

Answer 3

The main purpose of bioinstrumentation is measuring and analyzing biological signals and parameters like vital signs (e.g., heart rate, blood pressure), biochemical markers (e.g., glucose level), and neural activity.

Question 4

What instruments are involved in bioinstrumentation?

Answer 4

Bioinstrumentation involves various instruments, including sensors (e.g., ECG electrodes), medical imaging devices (e.g., X-ray machines),

Question 5

What are the applications of bioinstrumentation?

Answer 5

Applications of bioinstrumentation include:
1. clinical medicine (diagnosis and monitoring),
2. biomedical research (experimentation and treatment development),
3. biotechnology (gene sequencing and DNA analysis),
4. EEG (brain activity measurement),
5. EMG (muscle activity measurement),
6. polygraph (lie detection),
7. mass spectrometers (chemical and biomolecule analysis),
8. and microscopes
(cell and tissue examination)
9. Physiological monitoring tools, (heart rate monitors and glucose meters) ensure continuous patient surveillance in healthcare.
9. Data analysis through specialized software and algorithms to extract meaningful information from raw sensor data.

Question 6

what is a measurand?

Answer 6

A measurand is the specific quantity or property being measured.

Question 7

What is an actuator?

Answer 7

An actuator is a device that converts electrical or mechanical signals into physical movement or action.

Question 8

What are the challenges in bioinstrumentation development?

Answer 8

Challenges in bioinstrumentation involve precision, reliability, and compatibility with biological systems, with a critical emphasis on safety and measurement accuracy in biomedical field.

Question 9

what are the advancements possible in bioinstrumentation?

Answer 9

Advancements in bioinstrumentation include:
-miniaturization,
-wireless connectivity, and
- sensor integration with smartphones and wearables, which has made remote monitoring and personalized healthcare options possible.

Question 10

what is the general design process in bioinstrumentation?

Answer 10

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Question 11

GENERAL DESIGN CRITERIA

Answer 11

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Question 12

sensitivity range

Answer 12

Sensitivity range refers to the span of values within which a sensor or instrument can accurately detect and measure variations.

Question 13

input impedance

Answer 13

Input impedance is the measure of an electronic circuit’s resistance to the flow of electrical current when a signal is applied to its input.

Question 14

Frequency response

Answer 14

Frequency response is the ability of a system, device, or circuit to accurately transmit and process signals at different frequencies.

Question 15

Accuracy

Answer 15

Accuracy is the degree to which a measurement, calculation, or observation closely matches the true or expected value.

Question 16

Linearity

Answer 16

Linearity refers to the property of a system or sensor where the relationship between input and output is consistent and follows a straight line.

Question 17

reliability

Answer 17

Reliability is the measure of a system, device, or process’s ability to consistently perform its intended function without failure over time.

Question 18

Differential input

Answer 18

Differential input refers to a measurement taken between two points