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Disease Processes > Wednesday-Study Guide Assignment > Flashcards

Wednesday-Study Guide Assignment Flashcards

1
Q

pathogenesis

A

cause of disease

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2
Q

etiology

A

development of disease

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3
Q

diagnosis

A

identification/naming of disease

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4
Q

prognosis

A

predicted/expected outcome of disease

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5
Q

treatment

A

interventions to cure/control disease

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6
Q

e.g of heredity disease

A

cystic fibrosis

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7
Q

e.g of trauma

A

motor vehicle accident

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8
Q

e.g of inflammation/infection

A

pneumonia

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9
Q

hyperplasias/neoplasms

A

cancer

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10
Q

nutritional imbalance

A

obesity

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11
Q

e.g impaired immunity

A

allergies

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12
Q

(T/F) In autoimmunity, the body’s immune system attacks itself

A

T

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13
Q

(T/F) Some medications used to prevent or cure some diseases can cause immunodeficiency

A

T

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14
Q

(T/F) Diseases related to the aging process are called regenerative disorders

A

F (real word: degenerative)

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15
Q

(T/F) All congenital disorders are easily recognized at birth

A

F (“these diseases might or might not be apparent at birth”)

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16
Q

(T/F) Heart and brain cells are easily injured by hypoxia

A

T

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17
Q

(T/F) Heredity does not affect the aging process

A

F

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18
Q

(T/F) Cellular death occurs only in the event of hypoxia (lack of oxygen)

A

F

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19
Q

(T/F) Grading is the microscopic examination of the tumor to determine the degree of differentiation

A

T

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20
Q

(T/F) Tumors that are undifferentiated or anaplastic do not resemble the tissue of origin, are highly malignant, and have a poor prognosis

A

T

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21
Q

(T/F) Radioactive materials that emit alpha, beta, and gamma rays are not considered to be potential carcinogens

A

F

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22
Q

(T/F) There is no known genetic predisposition for cancer

A

F

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23
Q

(T/F) There are several personal risk behaviors common in our society that put an individual at increased risk for developing cancer

A

T

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24
Q

What are the major functions of the musculoskeletal system?

A

The bones provide a framework to support the body, produce blood cells, store fat and minerals, protect soft tissues (such as the brain), and help create body motion.

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25
Q

What are the common signs and symptoms associated with musculoskeletal system disorders?

A

pain, swelling, decreased mobility, and deformity.

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26
Q

What are the most common tests used to diagnose musculoskeletal system disorders?

A

X-rays are the primary tool in diagnosing bone and joint disorders, but CAT or CT or MRI might be needed

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27
Q

What is the musculoskeletal system composed of? (5)

A

bones, muscles, tendons, ligaments, and soft tissues

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28
Q

____ attach muscles to bone

A

tendons

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29
Q

____ joints are ones that have full movement

A

diarthrosis

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30
Q

____ are the most common disorder of the system

A

fractures

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31
Q

_____ _____ is the most serious form of arthritis, but _____ is the most common type of arthritis

A

rheumatoid arthritis

osteoarthritis

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32
Q

Comminuted

A

more than two ends or fragments are present

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33
Q

Nondisplaced

A

bone fragments are in correct position

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34
Q

Transverse

A

fracture runs across or at 90 degree angle

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35
Q

Greenstick

A

an incomplete fracture common in children

36
Q

Stress

A

caused by too much weight bearing or pressure

37
Q

Impacted

A

one bone end is forced over another

38
Q

Compound

A

bone has protruded through the skin

39
Q

In order for an individual to have a blood pressure, one needs ___, _____, and _____

A

heart, vessel, blood

40
Q

Risk factors known to cause primary hypertension include heredity, obesity, stress, Type A personality, and _____

A

diet

41
Q

An aneurysm is a weaking of the wall of an ____

A

artery

42
Q

Angina pectoralis is commonly called ____

A

chest pain

43
Q

The leading cause of death in the U.S is _____

A

heart disease

44
Q

Arrhythmias are abnormalities in the heart’s _____

A

rate

45
Q

Inflammation of the heart is _____

A

myocarditis

46
Q

What is cardiomyopathy defined as?

A

a disease of the heart muscle that makes it harder for the heart to pump blood to the rest of the body

47
Q

A red cord-like hardening usually found in the arm or leg that extends toward the heart is called _________

A

phlebitis

48
Q

`An abnormal loss of blood is called a _____

A

hemorrhage

49
Q

Where are coronary arteries located

A

heart/wrap around the outside

50
Q

A symptom of peripheral vascular disease is intermittent claudication in the _____

A

legs

51
Q

Extremely low blood pressure is called _____

A

hypotension

52
Q

asthma

A

Hypersensitivity reaction, causing constriction of the bronchi

53
Q

pneumothorax

A

Collection of air in the pleural cavity

54
Q

COPD

A

Group of chronic pulmonary diseases

55
Q

hemothorax

A

Collapse of part of the lung with blood in the space

56
Q

TB

A

Bacterial infection, causing a primary lesion in the lung

57
Q

sinusitis

A

Inflammation of the mucous membranes of the sinuses

58
Q

cor pulmonale

A

Right-sided heart failure

59
Q

hand washing

A

Best preventive behavior against respiratory disease

60
Q

smoking

A

High-risk behavior for developing respiratory disease

61
Q

encephalitis

A

Inflammation of brain tissue

62
Q

tetanus

A

infection of nerve tissue

63
Q

meningitis

A

inflammation of the covering of the brain and spinal cord

64
Q

TIA

A

mild stroke

65
Q

cephalgia

A

headache

66
Q

concussion

A

Disruption in the electrical activity of the brain, causing unconsciousness

67
Q

contusion

A

Physical bruising of the brain

68
Q

subdural hematoma

A

blood collection between the dura mater and arachnoid layer of the brain

69
Q

Alzheimer’s disease

A

a neurodegenerative disease characterized by cognitive dysfunction

70
Q

ALS

A

Destructive disease of the motor neurons

71
Q

MS

A

Disease characterized by the demyelination of nerves of the CNS

72
Q

Bell’s palsy

A

A disorder affecting the seventh cranial nerve

73
Q

auscultation

A

action of listening to sounds from the heart, lungs, or other organs, typically with a stethoscope

74
Q

percussion

A

tapping fingers/hands quickly and sharply against parts of patient’s body to help locate organ borders, identify organ shape/position, and determine if organ is solid/filled with fluid or gas.

75
Q

homeostasis

A

normal condition/stable conditions necessary for survival

76
Q

remission

A

reduction or disappearance of the signs/symptoms of a disease

77
Q

infarct

A

tissue death (necrosis) due to inadequate blood supply to affected area caused by blockages or ruptures

78
Q

ischemia

A

condition in which the blood flow is restricted/reduced in a part of the body

79
Q

oncology

A

study of cancer

80
Q

metastasize

A

movement/spreading of cancer cells from one organ tissue to another

81
Q

necrosis

A

tissue death

82
Q

neoplasm

A

any growth that develops in/on the body. abnormal mass of tissue that forms when cells grow and divide uncontrollably

83
Q

biopsy

A

sample of tissue taken from the body in order to study it closer

84
Q

carcinoma

A

cancer that begins in the skin/tissues that line or cover internal organs

85
Q

cytology

A

medical and scientific study of cells

86
Q

palliative

A

relief of symptoms and suffering caused by cancer and other life-threaten diseases

87
Q

carinoma in situ

A

refers to cancer in which abnormal cells have not spread beyond where they first formed. (“in situ” refers to in “its original place”)

Disease Processes (2 decks)

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