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Disease Processes > Wednesday-Study Guide Assignment > Flashcards

Wednesday-Study Guide Assignment Flashcards

1
Q

pathogenesis

A

cause of disease

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2
Q

etiology

A

development of disease

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3
Q

diagnosis

A

identification/naming of disease

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4
Q

prognosis

A

predicted/expected outcome of disease

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5
Q

treatment

A

interventions to cure/control disease

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6
Q

e.g of heredity disease

A

cystic fibrosis

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7
Q

e.g of trauma

A

motor vehicle accident

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8
Q

e.g of inflammation/infection

A

pneumonia

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9
Q

hyperplasias/neoplasms

A

cancer

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10
Q

nutritional imbalance

A

obesity

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11
Q

e.g impaired immunity

A

allergies

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12
Q

(T/F) In autoimmunity, the body’s immune system attacks itself

A

T

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13
Q

(T/F) Some medications used to prevent or cure some diseases can cause immunodeficiency

A

T

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14
Q

(T/F) Diseases related to the aging process are called regenerative disorders

A

F (real word: degenerative)

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15
Q

(T/F) All congenital disorders are easily recognized at birth

A

F (“these diseases might or might not be apparent at birth”)

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16
Q

(T/F) Heart and brain cells are easily injured by hypoxia

A

T

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17
Q

(T/F) Heredity does not affect the aging process

A

F

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18
Q

(T/F) Cellular death occurs only in the event of hypoxia (lack of oxygen)

A

F

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19
Q

(T/F) Grading is the microscopic examination of the tumor to determine the degree of differentiation

A

T

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20
Q

(T/F) Tumors that are undifferentiated or anaplastic do not resemble the tissue of origin, are highly malignant, and have a poor prognosis

A

T

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21
Q

(T/F) Radioactive materials that emit alpha, beta, and gamma rays are not considered to be potential carcinogens

A

F

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22
Q

(T/F) There is no known genetic predisposition for cancer

A

F

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23
Q

(T/F) There are several personal risk behaviors common in our society that put an individual at increased risk for developing cancer

A

T

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24
Q

What are the major functions of the musculoskeletal system?

A

The bones provide a framework to support the body, produce blood cells, store fat and minerals, protect soft tissues (such as the brain), and help create body motion.

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25
What are the common signs and symptoms associated with musculoskeletal system disorders?
pain, swelling, decreased mobility, and deformity.
26
What are the most common tests used to diagnose musculoskeletal system disorders?
X-rays are the primary tool in diagnosing bone and joint disorders, but CAT or CT or MRI might be needed
27
What is the musculoskeletal system composed of? (5)
bones, muscles, tendons, ligaments, and soft tissues
28
____ attach muscles to bone
tendons
29
____ joints are ones that have full movement
diarthrosis
30
____ are the most common disorder of the system
fractures
31
_____ _____ is the most serious form of arthritis, but _____ is the most common type of arthritis
rheumatoid arthritis | osteoarthritis
32
Comminuted
more than two ends or fragments are present
33
Nondisplaced
bone fragments are in correct position
34
Transverse
fracture runs across or at 90 degree angle
35
Greenstick
an incomplete fracture common in children
36
Stress
caused by too much weight bearing or pressure
37
Impacted
one bone end is forced over another
38
Compound
bone has protruded through the skin
39
In order for an individual to have a blood pressure, one needs ___, _____, and _____
heart, vessel, blood
40
Risk factors known to cause primary hypertension include heredity, obesity, stress, Type A personality, and _____
diet
41
An aneurysm is a weaking of the wall of an ____
artery
42
Angina pectoralis is commonly called ____
chest pain
43
The leading cause of death in the U.S is _____
heart disease
44
Arrhythmias are abnormalities in the heart's _____
rate
45
Inflammation of the heart is _____
myocarditis
46
What is cardiomyopathy defined as?
a disease of the heart muscle that makes it harder for the heart to pump blood to the rest of the body
47
A red cord-like hardening usually found in the arm or leg that extends toward the heart is called _________
phlebitis
48
`An abnormal loss of blood is called a _____
hemorrhage
49
Where are coronary arteries located
heart/wrap around the outside
50
A symptom of peripheral vascular disease is intermittent claudication in the _____
legs
51
Extremely low blood pressure is called _____
hypotension
52
asthma
Hypersensitivity reaction, causing constriction of the bronchi
53
pneumothorax
Collection of air in the pleural cavity
54
COPD
Group of chronic pulmonary diseases
55
hemothorax
Collapse of part of the lung with blood in the space
56
TB
Bacterial infection, causing a primary lesion in the lung
57
sinusitis
Inflammation of the mucous membranes of the sinuses
58
cor pulmonale
Right-sided heart failure
59
hand washing
Best preventive behavior against respiratory disease
60
smoking
High-risk behavior for developing respiratory disease
61
encephalitis
Inflammation of brain tissue
62
tetanus
infection of nerve tissue
63
meningitis
inflammation of the covering of the brain and spinal cord
64
TIA
mild stroke
65
cephalgia
headache
66
concussion
Disruption in the electrical activity of the brain, causing unconsciousness
67
contusion
Physical bruising of the brain
68
subdural hematoma
blood collection between the dura mater and arachnoid layer of the brain
69
Alzheimer's disease
a neurodegenerative disease characterized by cognitive dysfunction
70
ALS
Destructive disease of the motor neurons
71
MS
Disease characterized by the demyelination of nerves of the CNS
72
Bell's palsy
A disorder affecting the seventh cranial nerve
73
auscultation
action of listening to sounds from the heart, lungs, or other organs, typically with a stethoscope
74
percussion
tapping fingers/hands quickly and sharply against parts of patient’s body to help locate organ borders, identify organ shape/position, and determine if organ is solid/filled with fluid or gas.
75
homeostasis
normal condition/stable conditions necessary for survival
76
remission
reduction or disappearance of the signs/symptoms of a disease
77
infarct
tissue death (necrosis) due to inadequate blood supply to affected area caused by blockages or ruptures
78
ischemia
condition in which the blood flow is restricted/reduced in a part of the body
79
oncology
study of cancer
80
metastasize
movement/spreading of cancer cells from one organ tissue to another
81
necrosis
tissue death
82
neoplasm
any growth that develops in/on the body. abnormal mass of tissue that forms when cells grow and divide uncontrollably
83
biopsy
sample of tissue taken from the body in order to study it closer
84
carcinoma
cancer that begins in the skin/tissues that line or cover internal organs
85
cytology
medical and scientific study of cells
86
palliative
relief of symptoms and suffering caused by cancer and other life-threaten diseases
87
carinoma in situ
refers to cancer in which abnormal cells have not spread beyond where they first formed. (“in situ” refers to in “its original place”)

Disease Processes (2 decks)

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