Wednesday mock Flashcards
What was the conservative party ideology for most of the 19th and 20th century
One nation conservatism
When was the conservative party established
1830s from the Tory party
What was one nation conservatism
An evolution of traditional conservatism developed after the industrial revolution
What was one nation conservatisms view of the status quo
Wanted to preserve the status quo
Supported traditional institutions
What was one nation conservatisms view of the state
Supporters believed the rich should look after the poor
Supports a keynesian economy - free market
Working with other countries
When was Margret Thatcher conservative party leader
1975 - 1990
What did Margret Thatcher do to the conservative party
Moved the party to a radical free market right wing economy
True or false Margret Thatcher was the first female pm of Britain
True
When was Margret Thatcher Prime minister?
1979-1990
What was the new right movement
An orthodox conservative state with a neo liberal state
What are orthodox conservative ideas
Social party law and order
What are neo liberal ideas
Free market
Monetarism
Less regulation
Name 5 key parts of Thatcherism
Individual needs over society Role of govt intervention reduced Self reliance Reduced trade union powers Fewer taxes and benefits
How does Thatcherism compare to one nation conservatism
Thatcherism
Assertive approach
Radical approach to change
Individual needs
Free market
One nation conservatism
Pragmatic approach
Gradual changes
Focus on needs of society
Mixed economy
What is conservative policies in the 2017 election manifesto on the economy
Increased higher tax rate
Increase personal allowance
Cut corporation tax
What is conservative policies in the 2017 election manifesto on the foreign policy
Exit EU single market
Increase budget of ministry defence
What is conservative policies on law and order in the 2017 election manifesto
Investing to modernise prisons
Changing the police force
Limiting stop and search
What are conservative policies on welfare in the 2017 election manifesto
Ending triple lock pensions
Testing winter fuel allowance
When was David Cameron leader of the conservative party
2005 - 2016
In recent years when were the conservatives elected
Coalition in 2010
Won in 2015
When did David Cameron step down as Conservative party leader
2016
What was David Cameron’s party image and ideology
Focused on moving the party towards appealing issues such as the environment instead of dividing issues like brexit
Liberal approach to the environment
Limiting state intervention
What was the 2010 conservative manifesto
Tax cuts
Replacing human rights act with bill of rights
Tougher exams
Opposed to transfer of powers away from the Uk
What did the 2010 general election result in
A hung parliament, a coalition between the Conservatives and lib dems
What were the coalition governments policies?
Reducing benefits
Spending cuts
Referendum on voting system
When did the coalition end
2015
Who became conservative party leader in 2016
Theresa May
What was the main focus of the conservative party under Theresa May
Preparing for brexit and negotiating a deal for Britain’s withdrawal from the EU. Brexit divided the party
What were Theresa mays party propositions
Replaced the govt department for climate change with a department preparing for brexit
In favour of grammar schools
What happened in the 2017 general election
Conservative party lost its majority, and entered a confidence and supply deal with the democratic unionist party.
What year was the labour party founded and was was its aims
1900 Aimed to bring working class people into parliament
Who was the labour party founded by?
Trade union congress
Independent labour party
Social democratic federation
What does old labour mean?
A term used to describe the labour party when its ideology was based on socialism and has strong links with trade unions
Name 4 old labour ideas
Nationalism
Equality
Redistribution of wealth
Investing in welfare services
When did the labour party create its constitution
1918
What did clause IV outline in the labour party constitution
That wealth needed to be redistributed
What was the 1983 manifesto for the general election
Ideas of old labour
Control of industries
More workers rights
Nuclear disarment
What was the 1983 labour manifesto labelled as?
Longest suicide note in history
What happened to the the labour party in 1983
The party tried to reform
What was labour reformed as in 1994
New labour
Name 3 ideas of new labour
Reduced trade union power
Moving away from traditional labour policies
Support for private schools and health care
What happened to clause IV under Tony Blair?
It was reworded
What did the 2010 labour manifesto outline
Support for the NHS and education
Who became labour party leader in 2010
Ed Milliband
After the 2015 defeat what did labour want to return to?
Its socialist roots
Who was elected labour party leader in 2015?
Jeremy Corbyn
What were Corbin’s policies
Reducing wealth and promoting an equal society
Increasing job opportunity
National education for all
What were Brown’s main ideologies
Similar to old labour
Banks were nationalised
Managing the defecit
What were labours policies on welfare in 2018
Ending conservative policies such as bedroom tax
Reforming benefits assessments
What were labours policies on the economy in 2018?
economy based around supporting the many not the few
Fairer taxation, top earners pay more tax
Investing in education
What were labours policies on law and order in 2018
Increase police numbers
Invest in border schemes
Reverse conservative acts
What were labours policies on foreign policy in 2018?
Help refuge crisis
Stopping support for wars
What was labour party’s slogan?
For the many not the few
When were the liberal democrats formed
When the liberal party and the social democrat party merged in 1988
Who was the first leader of the liberal democrats
Paddy Ashdown
what did the liberal democrats aim to be?
The middle ground between the conservatives and labour
How successful were the liberal democrats through the 90s and early 2000s?
In the 1990s the liberal democrats started to increase support at local elections
In 1997 the lib dems won 47 seats
Who became lib dem leader in 2006?
Nick Clegg
What is classic liberalism?
Limited state intervention
Equality
Freedom
Self improvement
What does liberalism advocate
More state intervention
Regulation
Welfare for people
What did lib dems do in 2010
Form a coalition government with the conservatives
Name two lib dem leaders after 2015
Tim Farron
Vince cable
What were the liberal democrats policies on the economy in the 2017 manifesto
Support capital investment
Increasing corporation tax
Encouraging a living wage
What was the lib dems 2017 manifesto on law and order
Increasing policing
Protect individual rights
Introduce digital bill of rights
What was the 2017 liberal democrats manifesto on welfare
Making benefits fairer for more disabled people
Reversing conservative policies that cut benefits
What was the lib dems 2017 manifesto on foreign policy
Controlling sales of firearms to countries with human rights issues
Remaining in the single market
What have the British national party campaigned for?
Issues held by indigenous Uk people
Fascist views
What has the Scottish national party campaigned for
Scottish independence
Were instrumental in the 2014 referendum
What are nationalist parties
Seek to appeal to people from a geographical area or nation
Some seek independence and others promote nationalist policies
What do the green party campaign for
Social justice and environment
What are single issue parties?
Single issue parties offer a range of policies based on a particular ideological perspective or a primary goal.
What is the UKIP party policy
The Uk to leave the EU
Name two nationalist parties
Scottish national party
British national party
Name two single issue parties
Green party
Ukip
How do minor issues impact putting issues on the agenda?
If they gain seats at a local or national level they can impact policy and put their issues at the centre of political debate
e.g Ukip helped make brexit an issue at national level
How do minor parties impact local and EU elections
Higher chance of being successful than at national level
Make their issues known
How do minor parties impact national elections
Can take seats from major parties. Voters may do this to express unhappiness with major parties
When was UKIP founded
1993
Give 3 key ideas of the Ukip policy
Against EU integration
Populist and right win party
British nationalism
What is Ukips signle party idea?
Uk to leave the EU
What happened to Ukip after Brexit?
Gerrard Batton, the party leader was criticised for taking the party to far right
Name 3 SNP policies
Scottish independence
Putting Scotland first
Another referendum after Brexit
Which newspaper is the most read in the Uk
The Sun
Who do televised debates benefit mainly
Parties with fewer numbers can be represented at a national level
In what year was the first televised TV debate
2010
What is a single party system
Where only one party exists and all others are banned e.g North Korea
What is a dominant party system
Where only one party has a realistic chance of gaining political power
What is a two party system
Where only two political parties have a chance of success at election
The first past the post is most likely to provide this
Give two examples of a two party system
Uk
Us
What are two and half party systems
Where two main parties exist but a smaller third party challenges the dominance. 2010 colaition.
What is a multi party system
Where more than two parties have a chance of gaining political power at an election e.g Germany
Give two examples of a dominant party system in the Uk
1979 - 1997 Conservatives
1997 - 2010 Labour
What is the supreme court
The highest court in the Uk, created to separate the Uk’s judiciary
What is the role of the supreme court
Appeal for cases in lower courts
Hears issues with public significance
Defending rights of citizens
How does the supreme court defend rights?
Uses the rule of law
Human rights act 1998
European convention of human rights
Judicial review
How does supreme court enforce law
Uphold rights and laws when challenged
How does the supreme court check the government
Rules against government laws and makes them illegal
What is the composition of the supreme court
12 judges
10 justices
President
Deputy president
When must supreme court justices retire
70
When was the supreme court founded?
2005, by the constitutional reform act
What can the supreme court do in terms of judicial review?
Overturn secondary legislation, cannot overturn primary legislation
What are the 3 ways the supreme court has influence over the parliament and the executive
Ultra vires
Judicial review
Opposing government decisions
What does ultra vires mean
When somebody or something acts beyond their powers
In 2016 Chris Grayling was deemed as acting ultra vires when he introduced a residence test to the legal aid
How can the supreme court oppose government decisions
Human rights act
ECHR
Name a case of opposing government
Freedom of information
In 2015 the supreme court upheld a freedom of information request to publish Prince Charles letters
What are the two key principles of the supreme court
Judicial neutrality
Judicial independence
What is a referendum
A vote on a specific issue which asks citizens to make a decision
When are referendums called?
When a national decision or constitutional change is required
Reason for referendum 1
Response to pressure over a particular issue
E.g DC promised an election if conservatives were relected in 2015, fear of losing votes to UKIP
Reason for referendum 2
A deal made between two parties
E.g 2011 av electoral system reform as part of the coalition government
Give 3 examples of UK referendums
2016 Brexit
Scottish independence 2014
2011 FPTP to AV general election
Give 3 examples of referendums to devolution
1997 devolving power to Scotland
1998 devolving power to Northern Ireland
2004 regions in England voted on regional assemblies
Explain why referendums are good - Education
Referendums raise political awareness and education of voters
Explain why referendums are good - Clear outcome
Resolve political arguments
1997 Scottish parliament reform 74% voted in favour of a Scottish parliament
Give 2 reasons why voter power is good
Give citizens are chance to make decisions
Hold the government to account
Give reasons against referendums - Parliamentary sovereignty
Decisions are made directly by the public rather than MPs
Elected politicians should be making decisions on complex political issues e.g EU referendum
Give another case against referendums
Low participation limits the legitimacy of the decision
What is a bill
Legislation that has been proposed
What is the first reading
The stage that the amendment of a bill has started the legislative process
What is the second reading
Debate in the chamber over the bill
Members of the lords and commons debate if it should be accepted
A vote will take place and if successful the bill moves forward
What happens in the committee stage
A committee will consider the bill and examine it in detail
The committee will then decide whether to make changes to the bill
What is the committee stage count
In the HOC, a standing committee reviews the bill. which is made up of members of parliament from different parties
