Wednesday [29/9/22] Flashcards
which drugs are used for acute withdrawal alcohol excess? [1]
Benzodiazepines like chlordiazepoxide
which medication promotes abstinence? [1]
disulfiram
What should patients be aware of with dilsulfiram [2]
Patients should be aware that even small amounts of alcohol (e.g. In perfumes, foods, mouthwashes) can produce severe symptoms. Contraindications include ischaemic heart disease and psychosis
How does dilsulfiram work? [1]
disulfiram: promotes abstinence - alcohol intake causes severe reaction due to inhibition of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase
Which medication reduces cravings? [2]
acamprosate: reduces craving, known to be a weak antagonist of NMDA receptors, improves abstinence in placebo controlled trials
Screening for alcohol dependance [3]
AUDIT
FAST
CAGE
Go through AUDIT queistionairre [3]
- 10 item questionairre
- shwon to be superior to CAGE, minimum score 0, maximum score 40
- AUDIT-C abbreviated form consisting of 3 questions
- 7 or 8 indicates strong liklihood
- 15 or more men, and 13 or more women is likely to indicate alcohol dependence
Go through FAST questionairre [4]
4 item questionnaire
minimum score = 0, maximum score = 16
the score for hazardous drinking is 3 or more
with relation to the first question 1 drink = 1/2 pint of beer or 1 glass of wine or 1 single spirits
if the answer to the first question is ‘never’ then the patient is not misusing alcohol
if the response to the first question is ‘Weekly’ or ‘Daily or almost daily’ then the patient is a hazardous, harmful or dependent drinker. Over 50% of people will be classified using just this one question
1 MEN: How often do you have EIGHT or more drinks on one occasion?
WOMEN: How often do you have SIX or more drinks on one occasion?
2 How often during the last year have you been unable to remember what happened the night before because you
had been drinking?
3 How often during the last year have you failed to do what was normally expected of you because of drinking?
4 In the last year has a relative or friend, or a doctor or other health worker been concerned about your drinking or
suggested you cut down?
CAGE questionairre [4]
well known but recent research has questioned it’s value as a screening test
two or more positive answers is generally considered a ‘positive’ result
C Have you ever felt you should Cut down on your drinking?
A Have people Annoyed you by criticising your drinking?
G Have you ever felt bad or Guilty about your drinking?
E Have you ever had a drink in the morning to get rid of a hangover (Eye opener)?
Two common types of lung cancer [2]
Small cell carcinoma [15-20%] and non-small cell carcinoma [80-85%]
What are the main types of NSCLC? [3]
Adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and large cell carcinoma
Types of insulin and examples of each
- available as soluble insulin
- rapid acting inslin: insluin aspart, glulisine, lispro
PICC line
s
SST interpretation
q
ferrinject how to give
a
