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Interactive Media Design > Web Technologies > Flashcards

Web Technologies Flashcards

1
Q

World Wide Web

A

an information system on the Internet that allows documents to be connected to other documents by hypertext links.

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2
Q

Standalone applications

A

Software that does not require any separate software to operate.

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3
Q

Front end

A

The part of a web application that a user interacts with.

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4
Q

Back end

A

Database which stores web site content ‘behind the scenes’.

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5
Q

FTP (File Transfer Protocol)

A

A protocol used to move files and folders over a network or the Internet.

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6
Q

FTP server

A

A computer that allows users to upload and/or download files using FTP

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7
Q

Web designing

A

Designing the page contents using languages such as CSS, i.e., creating the document appearances

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8
Q

Secure Shell (SSH)

A

A network protocol to remotely access a computer over an unsecured network.

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9
Q

SSH File Transfer Protocol (S/FTP)

A

A network protocol used to secure and send file transfers over Secure Shell (SSH).

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10
Q

The Internet

A

A global network connecting millions of computers, making it possible to exchange information.

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11
Q

Analog data

A

A continuous signal in a wave form.

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12
Q

Digital Data

A

A series of discrete pulses/ electrical voltage; 1 and 0, called bit

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13
Q

Information units

A

Units of measure for data storage and communications.

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14
Q

URL (Uniform Resource Locator)

A

A location or address identifying where documents can be found on the Internet; a Web address

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15
Q

TCP/IP

A

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol

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16
Q

Client

A

Any computer hardware or software device that requests access to a service provided by a server.

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17
Q

Server

A

A computer or computer program that manages access to a centralized resource or service in a network.

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18
Q

Full-stack web developer

A

Role that encompass both front- and back-end responsibilities.

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19
Q

Web Technologies

A

The hardware, software, and protocols that allow the web to exist

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20
Q

Web Project Life Cycle

A
  1. Plan & prepare. 2. Design & code. 3. Launch & deploy. 4. Monitor & maintain.
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21
Q

Web Application

A

Software that is accessed with a Web browser

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22
Q

3rd party resources

A

Service provider who is not directly controlled by either the seller nor the customer.

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23
Q

FTP client

A

The computer or software that is used to access an FTP server and transfer files to it or from it

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24
Q

Client/Server architecture

A

A computing model which describes how information transfers from a server to a digital device.

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25
Q

Web authoring

A

Structuring the page contents using languages suchas HTML, i.e., creating the document tags, attributes and data

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26
Q

Web programming

A

Manipulating the page contents using languages such as JavaScript, i.e., creating the document behaviors

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27
Q

Source code editor

A

A text editor designed for programming.

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28
Q

Caching

A

Temporary storage of an operation so that future requests can refer to it, for faster response.

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29
Q

Static web page

A

A Web page that does not change once it is displayed on the screen by a browser.

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30
Q

Dynamic web page

A

displays customized content based on information supplied directly or indirectly by the person viewing the page

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31
Q

File structure

A

the organization of a computer’s directories and files

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32
Q

Codebase

A

the complete body of source code for a given software program or application.

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33
Q

Local repository

A

a repository that is on your file system

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34
Q

Source code

A

a set of computer instructions specifying the actions to be performed by computer software

35
Q

Source Code Management (SCM)

A

A system (software and procedures) used to manage changes to the codebase

36
Q

Web Technology Components

A

the sum of software, hardware, techniques, skills,
development models, and workflows in supporting all activities
during Web Development Life Cycle

37
Q

Client-Side Web Development

A

web development using the
C-S architecture model but focusing on client-side only

38
Q

Web Authoring

A

structuring the page contents using languages such as HTML

39
Q

Web Designing

A

designing the page contents using languages such as CSS

40
Q

Web Programming

A

manipulating the page contents using languages such as JavaScrip

41
Q

DevTools

A

programs that allow a developer to create, test and debug software.

42
Q

Dynamic web page

A

a web page that is generated by a backend web application

43
Q

Static web page

A

a web page that is delivered to the browser exactly as stored

44
Q

ISP

A

Internet Service Provider. The company that provides access to the Internet

45
Q

Domain registrar

A

the company that register and maintain domain names

46
Q

DNS service provider

A

The company that translates hostnames to IP addresses

47
Q

web hosting

A

renting space on a physical server to store all the files and data necessary for a website to work properly

48
Q

protocol

A

set of rules that dictate how to format, transmit and receive data between connected devices

49
Q

TCP/IP layer: Application

A

To allow access to network ressources. It interacts with an application program

50
Q

TCP/IP layer: Transport

A

It builds on the message received from the application layer, making sure it arrives without errors

51
Q

TCP/IP layer: Internet Network

A

It sends packets from one node to another

52
Q

TCP/IP layer: Network Interface Link

A

It defines how data should be sent (e.g. Wifi)

53
Q

IANA

A

Internet Assigned Numbed Authority

54
Q

FQDN

A

Fully Qualified Domain Name (hostname)

55
Q

mailto scheme

A

It is used to produce hyperlinks on websites that allow users to send an email to a specific address directly from an HTML document

56
Q

MIME

A

Multi-purpose Internet Mail Extension, the standard way of Internet file classification; <type>/<subtype></subtype></type>

57
Q

Live Streaming

A

present the media over the Internet without downloading it; its size has major impacts to its performance

58
Q

HTML5 types

A

using file extensions to indicate their format (Application, Text, Image, Audio, Video)

59
Q

Container

A

a file that contains the audio and video content along with the metadata

60
Q

Codec

A

a device or computer program that encodes or decodes data for easier and faster transmission

61
Q

Computer Language

A

A structured method of communication between human and computer, in the form of instruction

62
Q

Declarative Language

A

Instruct the browser what the page should contain and look like (HTML, CSS)

63
Q

Imperative Language

A

Instruct the browser what to do in respond to certain events (JavaScript)

64
Q

Browser engine

A

software component used by Web Browser to convert data in HTML format, and other data on the web

65
Q

Parsing tree

A

a tree made up of nodes and branches.

66
Q

Markup language

A

keywords, names, or tags that help format the overall view of a page and the data it contains.

67
Q

Style language

A

computer language that expresses the presentation of structured documents.

68
Q

Programming languages

A

set of rules that allows string values to be converted into various ways of generating machine code

69
Q

Browser Engine: Fetch Files

A

Using URLs to locate and get the web media

70
Q

Browser Engine: Render Page

A

Assemble and parse HTML elements, called render-tree/element-tree, then paint it on the screen

71
Q

Browser Engine: Compute

A

Update the tree with logics and computations

72
Q

Snippets

A

a small portion of re-usable source code

73
Q

Library

A

A collection of prewritten code to optimize tasks

74
Q

Framework

A

A tool that provides ready-made components or solutions that are customized in order to speed up development

75
Q

Emmet

A

Add-on for text editor to type shortcuts that are then expanded into full pieces of code

76
Q

API (Application programming interface)

A

It is a way for two or more computer programs to communicate with each other

77
Q

HTML

A

HyperText Markup Language. It is the standard markup language for Web pages.

78
Q

CSS

A

Cascading Style Sheets. It describes how HTML elements are to be displayed.

79
Q

JavaScript

A

It is the programming language of the Web. It can change HTML content and style.

80
Q

AJAX

A

Asynchronous JavaScript And XML. It allows asynchronous updates on web pages without full reloading.

81
Q

JSON

A

JavaScript Object Notation. It is a text format for storing and transporting data.

82
Q

XML

A

eXtensible Markup Language. It is a markup language for storing, transmitting, and reconstructing arbitrary data.

83
Q

HTML vs XML

A

XML was designed to carry data. HTML was designed to display data.

84
Q

DOM

A

Document Object Model. It is a programming interface that allows manipulation of HTML and XML documents.

Interactive Media Design (3 decks)

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