Web Design

Question 1

Main reasons why a wireframe is not an effective user-interface design

Answer 1

 Two drop down boxes have no indication of the inputs
 No context for media elements
 Inconsistent image alignment or size under Book Now/bottom right
 File formats of the media used are not specified
 No URLs specified for navigation links

Question 2

How is a low-fidelity prototype used when performing usability testing.

Answer 2

 Provide scenario/give prospective users a task to perform
 Observe users
 Receive feedback
 Identify problems with navigation eg missing/orphan pages/ hyperlink destinations
 Record difficulties or improvements needed

Question 3

Describe reasons for using a dropdown list rather than radio buttons on a form.

Answer 3

 Reduced screen area (required for large number of options)

 Multiple selections can be made

Question 4

Compatibility testing should also be carried out on a website.
State one problem that may be identified when testing compatibility

Answer 4

Browser/device problems

Question 5

Environmental benefits to using a heating system which is intelligent.

Answer 5

Pro-active decision making by software/apps to reduce usage eg
 automatically switch heating off/on when within range
 monitoring/responding to external weather conditions
 adjust heating based on historical patterns of data
 zoned heating

Question 6

Describe how interframe compression is used to reduce the file size of a video.

Answer 6

 Key frames/I-frames are stored.

 Saves changes between (key) frames.

Question 7

A new app is being developed for movie fans.
(a) The developers of the app are using agile methodologies. They employ usability testing as part of this.
Describe how usability testing influences the development of the app.

Answer 7

 Create prototypes/wireframes/design of user interface.
 Prospective users perform tasks.
 Developers observe/interview/discuss scenarios with users.
 Obtain feedback to influence changes.

Question 8

Describe how CSS rules should be implemented to ensure that all of the web pages on the website have consistent formatting.

Answer 8

 Use external style sheet/ create a file with CSS rules.
 Create a link tag to external stylesheet.
 Place link to external stylesheet in all web pages.

Question 9

Tracking cookies can be created and used when browsing a website.
Describe a security risk associated with tracking cookies.

Answer 9

Unauthorised access to personal data (sent to third parties through the tracking cookie)

Question 10

Customers log into their bank account using a username, PIN and password.
Explain how public and private keys help to keep these details secure when transmitted between the customer and the bank’s server.

Answer 10

 A public key is used to encrypt the personal data

 A private key is used to decrypt the personal data

Question 11

Describe ways that intelligent heating systems such as HiDoe can be used to reduce the carbon footprint of homes.

Answer 11

 Remote access to control heating when not at home
 Use of geolocation can automatically turn heating off
when no one is home
 Takes account of external weather forecast and adjusts temperature accordingly
 Real time temperature monitoring through mobile
devices can reduce unnecessary gas/fuel use
 Data can be analysed to determine how quickly a home heats and how slowly it loses heat meaning that the boiler can be used more efficiently
 Multi room control systems prevent rooms being
overheated when not in use

Question 12

Search engine providers realised that web developers were placing large numbers of keywords in meta tags to improve a website’s ranking in search results. This means that meta tags are often ignored by search
engines.
Describe two techniques that search engines use to ensure more relevant results are returned.

Answer 12

 Search (index) for key words in
o title tags
o alt tags 
o body/page/content
o URL
 Checking links to the site from other sites
 Data analytics eg hit rate, location by proximity, filters, 
prominent social media presence
 Algorithms to determine relevance

Question 13

Describe the effect on efficiency of web page load times when comparing external and internal CSS.

Answer 13

 External more efficient as loaded once/cached but used by several pages
 Internal loaded every time a page is accessed

Question 14

Describe the process of usability testing of a new website.

Answer 14

 Users given task/scenario to perform on the software
 Suitable target set of users eg novice, experienced
 Observation of performance of users
 Feedback is given to developers

Question 15

State the purpose of metatags.

Answer 15

 To provide a description of the webpage
 To provide information to search engine (webcrawlers)
 To include key words
 To provide information about page creation date/last edit date/author’s details etc

Question 16

State where in the code the metatags should be inserted.

Answer 16

In the head section

Question 17

Benefits of using an external style sheet.

Answer 17

 One change to the style sheet will change all pages
 One style sheet can be applied to multiple pages reducing development time
 You can create classes of styles that can then be used on many different HTML elements
 Consistent look and feel across multiple web pages
 Improve load times because downloaded once
 Can be set up for different devices/sizes of screen
 Style sheet stored once rather than for multiple pages reducing overall file size.

Question 18

How can a website owner can improve search engine not giving a prominent result for this site.

Answer 18

 The URL should include the subject(s) of the site
 The title of each page should include the sbuject(s) of the site
 Meta tags/meta data with appropriate key words
 ensuring there are more links to the site from other sites;
 improving the rating given to the site by the search engine crawler
 Submit the website to search engines
 Keyword loading/stuffing -add more relevant text content to webpages

Question 19

Explain why the presence of a digital certificate will improve customer confidence when buying a the website.

Answer 19

 Digital signature/ encryption
 Site is authenticated eg. certificate issued by
(certification) authority
 Site is regulated