Web Accessibility Principles Flashcards
What is the bare minimum to make content accessible at all?
It must be perceived by at least one of your 5 senses
(sight, sound, touch, taste, smell)
Which senses are we concerned with in regards to web content and accessibility?
1 - Sight
2 - Sound
3 - Touch
What is a flaw for designers and developers (who make up the majority of web creation) (2)?
1 - They are typically relatively young, without disability
2 - They design website content that works for people just like them
For people who cannot visually perceive website information, what is important to provide them?
A different way to perceive the website content (typically sound)
What technology converts text to synthesized speech?
Screen Reader
What do screen readers do (2)?
1 - Convert website text to synthesized speech
2 - Allow visually impaired users to listen to web content
For users who cannot see or hear, how can they perceive website content?
Touch
How can users perceive a website through touch?
Digital text can be converted to three-dimensional braille characters that a person can feel with the hands (refreshable braille device)
What is traditional braille?
Raised dots printed on sturdy paper
How do refreshable braille devices work?
1 - They present one line of text at a time, allow the user to feel it, then move on to the next line of text
2 - This works in an identical way to screen readers, with the output being braille not speech
Why does perceivability matter?
If you can’t perceive web content, it may as well not exist.
If you can’t see, what typical website content is unusable? (some examples)
images, animations, colors, backgrounds, visual placement and layout
If you can’t hear, what typical website content is unusable? (some examples)
videos with sound
What are the web accessibility principles?
POUR (Perceivable, Operable, Understandable, Robust)
What is the best approach to offer an alternative for individuals with different sensory abilities to ensure they can fully participate?
Provide an acceptable alternative that works for their available sensory modalities
How do you make an image accessible?
Add alt text (alternate description of the image)
How does alt text work?
Screen readers can convert this text description into speech or braille to make it available by sound or touch
How do you make an audio recording accessible?
provide a digital text transcript that deaf people can see with their eyes, and that people who are both deaf and blind can feel with their fingers when it is converted into braille
What is the universal format?
Digital Text
Why is digital text the most universally accepted accessibility format?
It can be converted into all of the other useful sensory formats
Is an image of digital text the same as digital text?
No - images of text are not accessible and need alt text or to be replaced with live text
Why is alt text hidden (for lack of a better term)?
Visually able users don’t need to see duplicated content
Why should captions have the ability to be turned on and off?
1 - gives users freedom and choice
2 - people who can hear probably don’t need to see synchronized captions with the video
3 -
