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Social Studies > Weathering the Storm - Everything > Flashcards

Weathering the Storm - Everything Flashcards

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1
Q

Weather

A

Short term day to day conditions of the atmosphere

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2
Q

Climate

A

Average conditions of a place over a long period of time

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3
Q

Precipitation

A

Moisture in the atmosphere returning to Earth

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4
Q

Temperature

A

Degree of heat in the atmosphere

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5
Q

Wind

A

Movement of air from high pressure to lower pressure areas

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6
Q

Sunshine

A

Incoming solar radiation

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7
Q

Most common reason for rain

A

Reduction in temperature

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8
Q

Sequence of events that causes the process of rain

A

Air rises, air cools, water vapour condenses, precipitation

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9
Q

Orographic / Relief rainfall

A

Mountain barrier, happens on West side of South Island

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10
Q

Rain shadow

A

Refers to area on other side of the mountain where it doesn’t rain

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11
Q

Cyclonic / Frontal rainfall

A

Warm over cool, most of the rain in North and East of New Zealand

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12
Q

Convectional

A

Evaporation, common around Equator and Auckland in summer

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13
Q

Latitude

A

Location of a place on the globe in relation to the Equator

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14
Q

Longitude

A

Location of a place on the globe in relation to the Prime Meridian

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15
Q

Altitude

A

Height above sea level

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16
Q

Relief

A

Landscape features with height / the difference between the lowest and highest point on a landscape

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17
Q

Size of a landform

A

Small landmasses have less variation, large landmasses have extremes of climates

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18
Q

Proximity to oceans

A

Sea breezes regulate temperatures

19
Q

Ocean currents

A

Air masses passing over ocean currents are warmed or cooled

20
Q

Wind and pressure systems

A

Different pressure belts, generally move from high to low

21
Q

Dewpoint

A

Temperature where water vapour condenses into liquid water

22
Q

Continental

A

Very hot summers and very cold winters, possible monsoons

23
Q

Maritime

A

Conditioned by their position close to water, small range

24
Q

Polar

A

Extremely cold, near the poles

25
Q

Temperate

A

Typical warm and humid summers with mild winters

26
Q

Tropical

A

Hot and humid, lots of rainfall

27
Q

Isobars

A

Lines connecting areas of equal pressure, measured in millibars, plotted at intervals of 5 millibars, closely spaced = strong winds, widely spaced = gentle breezes (air pressure is measured by barometers)

28
Q

Millibars

A

Amount of weight or pressure air exerts on ground at measured point

29
Q

Anticyclones

A

Areas of high pressure, marked as H, winds flow anticlockwise, bring fine + settled weather, clear skies, warm temperatures, gentle breezes

30
Q

Depressions

A

Areas of low pressure, marked as L, winds flow clockwise, bring wet + windy weather, rain, cool temperatures, stronger winds

31
Q

Tropical Cyclone

A

Extremely low pressure zone, marked as T, winds flow clockwise (at gale force), very high rainfall

32
Q

Arrows

A

Indicate wind direction

33
Q

Cold front

A

Advancing cold air, brings sudden heavy rain, most common cause of rainfall in New Zealand

34
Q

Warm front

A

Advancing warm air, brings long drizzle patches

35
Q

Stationary front

A

No movement of air masses, brings long continuous rain

36
Q

Occluded front

A

Warm air uplifted by cold air, brings long rainy spells

37
Q

Greenhouse effect

A

Natural phenomenon where small particles trap heat from Sun that is reflected off Earth, greenhouse gases add to layer in the atmosphere, steadily warming up the Earth as it thickens

38
Q

Climate change

A

Long term changes in the average weather conditions on Earth

39
Q

Global warming

A

The increase in average temperatures of Earth’s surface, air, and oceans

40
Q

Date

A

29th August 2005

41
Q

Location

A

New Orleans, Gulf of Mexico

42
Q

Risks

A

Average elevation of city was about six feet below, completely surrounded by water

43
Q

Cause

A

Breach of levee branches led to massive flooding

Social Studies (9 decks)

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