Weathering + Sedimentary Rocks Flashcards
What produces sediment
weathering + erosion of igneous and other rocks
How are sedimentary rocks formed
formed by accumulation + hardening of sediment
what is sediment
deposited from fluid, solid material that is moved and deposited in new location
What are the 3 types of sediment
- Clastic (detrital): solid particles (rock frags + material grains) derived from pre-existing rocks
- Chemical: mineral precipitation from solution
- Biochemical: materials produced by organisms
What is weathering
exposed at surface, rocks are brown down by weathering (physical breakdown) + dissolution (dissolving)
What are the 2 types of weathering
Mechanical/physical weathering: physical breakup, disintegration of rocks into smaller particles w/o change to composition
Chemical weathering: breakdown or decomposition of minerals due to chemical reactions with water or gases in air
* high temp minerals less resistant to weathering
* low temp minerals more resistant to weathering
what are the particles of chemical weathering
residual minerals + free ions
- solid comp left as residue
- remaining material dissolved in water: form of ions
residual (solid) products: grains of stable material
easily dissolved ions released into solution
What is the difference between weathering and erosion?
weathering = breakdown of materials
erosion = removal of material
What is deposition?
when sedimentary particles come to rest once transporting medium can no longer carry them
What is Lithification
sediment undergo changes that transform into rock
What sediment for conglomerate?
Gravel
Sediment for sandstone
sand
Sediment for slitstone
slit
sediment for shale
clay
