Weathering, Mass Movement and Groundwater

Question 1

The earth’s crust is constantly undergoing geological changes caused by -

Answer 1

Internal forces

Question 2

_______________build new mountain ranges

Answer 2

Orogenesis

Question 3

What is denudation-

Answer 3

The process of wearing away the earth causes a general lowering and levelling out of the surface.

Question 4

Phases of denudation-

Answer 4

4 phases-

1. Weathering
2. Erosion
3. Transportation
4. Deposition

Question 5

Weathering—

Answer 5

The gradual disintegration of rocks by atmospheric or weather forces.

Question 6

Erosion—

Answer 6

The active wearing away of the earth’s surface by moving agents like running water , wind , ice and waves.

Question 7

Transportation—

Answer 7

The removal of the eroded debris to new positions.

Question 8

Deposition—

Answer 8

The dumping of the debris in certain parts of the earth, wher it can accumulate to form new rocks.

Question 9

Types of weathering-

Answer 9

1. Chemical weathering

2. Physical or mechanical weathering

Question 10

Consider the following statements-

1. Chemical weathering is a fast process.
2. Does chemical weathering weaken the surface of the rocks. explain

Answer 10

1. Wrong, its a slow process.
2. Chemical process require some amount of water and air to start the chemical reaction which is more than enough to dissolve certain constituents , thus loose crystals and weaken the surface.

Question 11

What is regolith?

Answer 11

They are mineral remians of decomposed rocks.

Question 12

The rain water absorbs organic acids from the soil and thus becomes a stronger weathering agent than pure rain water acting on bare rock. Is the statement true?

Answer 12

True

Question 13

Three major chemical weathering process-

Answer 13

1. Solution
2. Oxidation
3. Decomposition by organic rocks

Question 14

1. Solution is the most potent weathering process in which region?
2. Is the density of joints or cracks in the rock is also crucial to speed the weathering?
3. Do weathering often proceeds very rapidly in tropical countries with heavy rainfall and warm climate?
4. Do climate affect the rate of weathering?
5. Chemical weathering is fast where, at warm wet climate or dry climate?

Answer 14

1. Limestone regions
2. Yes
3. Yes
4. Yes
5. Warm wet climate

Question 15

Dry climate provide good conditions for-

Answer 15

Physical or mechanical weathering

Question 16

What is oxidation?

Answer 16

Reaction of oxygen in air or water with minerals in the rock.

Question 17

Does oxidation weaken the rocks?

Answer 17

Yes

Question 18

Does bacteria help to speed up the weathering of the underlying rocks?

Answer 18

Yes bacteria produces acid which when dissolved in water speed up the weathering. These absorb chemical elements from the rocks as food and also produce organic acids.

Question 19

In which type of weathering process frost-shattered peaks are formed ?

Answer 19

Physical or mechanical weathering due to frost action.

Question 20

Mass movement is the movement of weathered materials down a slope due to _________?

Answer 20

Gravitational Force

Question 21

what are soil creep?

Answer 21

This is a slow,gradual but more or less continuous movement of soil down hillslopes.

Question 22

What is solifluction?

Answer 22

The soil acts like a liquid and a soil-flow or mud-flow occurs.

Question 23

Landslides occur in ________?

What may loosens rocks and start off a landslide?

Answer 23

Steep slopes or mountainous areas.

Earthquakes or volcanic mountains.

Question 24

________is particularly common where permeable debris or rock layers overlie impermeable strata such as clay.

Answer 24

Slumping

Question 25

What enhances thre possibility of landslides?

Answer 25

Clearing natural vegetation for agriculture or housing.

Question 26

The whole process of circulation of water between the land,sea and atmosphere is known as-

Answer 26

Hydrological Cycle

Question 27

Water recieved from rain or snow perlocates downwards into the soil and rocks filling up joints and pore-spaces and forming what is known as—–

Answer 27

Groundwater

Question 28

Do grounwater plays an important part in weathering and mass movement?
How groundwater re-enter hydrological cylce again?

Answer 28

Yes.

Through springs.

Question 29

What are porous rocks?

Answer 29

Have many pore spaces, water get stored in the pore-spaces.

Question 30

What are permeable rocks or pervious rocks?

Answer 30

Allow water to pass them easily.

Question 31

Granite is a porous or permeable rock?

Answer 31

Permeable rock

Question 32

The permeable rock in which water is stored is know as_____?

Answer 32

Aquifer

Question 33

_________is outlet for groundwater?

Answer 33

Spring

Question 34

In karst regions rivers often disappear underground. Then they flow through passages worn in the rock by solution, and ma re-emerge when limestone gives place to some impermeable rock. This kind of spring is known as—

Answer 34

Vauclusian spring.

Question 35

Springs are natural or manmade?

Answer 35

Natural