Weathering and Rivers Flashcards
What is Igneous rock?
Rock formed from Magma, e.g. Granite or Basalt.
What is Segmentary rock?
Rock formed from particles of other rocks or dead sea creatures, e.g. Chalk.
What is Metamorphic rock?
Rock formed from other rocks under extreme heat or pressure, e.g. Marble.
What is Weathering?
The breakdown of rocks by elements of the weather, animals and plants without movement.
What is Erosion?
The wearing away of the earth’s surface by agents of erosion.
What is Physical Weathering?
The disintegration of rocks into smaller parts through weathering processes.
What is Freeze - Thaw action?
Repeated temperature changes above freezing leads to the freezing and expansion of water in cracks It’s thawing eventually shattering rocks (to produce Scree).
What is Onion Skin Weathering?
Hearing and cooling in hot climates leads to expansion and contraction of outer layers of rocks, leading to these layers peeling off.
What is Chemical Weathering?
Rocks dissolving or having a chemical change in the composition.
What is Acid Rain?
Carbon dioxide from natural and human sources in the atmosphere makes precipitation acidic and this dissolves certain rocks (limestone) in warm, most conditions.
What is Biological Weathering?
The action of plants (roots, seeds growing in cracks) and animals (burrowing) in breaking down rocks.
What is Transportation?
The removal of weathered or eroded material (load) by an agent of erosion such as a river.
What is Deposition?
When load is dropped by an agent of erosion.
What is the Hydraulic Cycle?
The constant recycling and changing of state of water in the atmosphere, seas, in and on the ground.
What is Evaporation?
When heat changes water liquid (from seas, rivers, mattresses etc.) into water vapour (gas) in the atmosphere.
