Weathering Flashcards
Chemical and physical processes that change the characteristics of rocks on the Earth’s surface
Weathering
Occurs when rocks are exposed to the hydrosphere and atnmosphere
Weathering
This type of weathering occurs when rocks are broken in to smaller pieces without changing the chemical composition of the rock
Physical weathering
This type of physical weathering causes the breakup of rock via freezing and thawing is water
Frost action/ice wedging
This type of physical weathering refers to the physical wearing down of rocks as they rub or bounce against each other
Abrasion
This type of physical weathering refers to the peeling away of large sheets of loosened materials at the surface of a rock
Exfoliation
This form of weathering occurs when a rock is broken by chemical action resulting in a change in the composition of a rock
Chemical weathering
This type of chemical weathering occurs when oxygen interacts chemically with minerals
Oxidation
Type of chemical weathering referring to the process by which dissolved carbon dioxide in rainwater or moisture in surrounding air forms carbonic acid and reacts with the minerals in the rock
Carbonation
Type of chemical weathering refers to the chemical reaction between the minerals in the rock and hydrogen in rain water
Hydrolysis
Type of chemical weathering that refers to the process by which minerals in the rocks dissolve directly in water
Solution
Type of chemical weathering that refers to the process by which minerals in the rock absorb water and expand, creating stress which causes the disintegration of rocks
Hydration
Particle size is a factor affecting weathering rate that refers to
The rock structure that affects the susceptibility to weather
Mineral composition is a factor affecting weathering rate that refers to
Different minerals weathering at different rates
Climate is a factor affecting weathering rate that refers to…
Higher temperature and rainfall that causes rocks to weather easily
Soul is a factor affecting weathering rate that refers to…
Soil contains rainwater
The transportation of rock, soil, and mineral particles from one location to another
Erosion
Running water is the primary agent of erosion and is found in streams and rivers, this type of erosion is called?
Stream erosion
The grinding action of water on the rocks is a process called…
Abrasion
Factors that affect movement of sediments in a stream…
Gradient, discharge, channel shape
Streams carry materials in four distinct ways…
Flotation, solution, suspension and bed load
A meandering stream velocity is lowest along the __________ banks
Inner
Water encounters the ______ friction along the inner banks _______ flow
Most…reducing
Rock particles are picked up and transported elsewhere by an eroding agent
Deposition
The final step of the erosional-depositional system
Deposition
Final deposition of particles (sediments) occurs at the ________ of a stream
Mouth
Deposition occurring at the mouth of a stream or river leads to the arranging of sediments from largest to smallest called…
Horizontal sorting
Smaller particles settle more slowly than larger particles, this factor affecting deposition is called
Size
A round sediment compared to a flat sediment of equal size will settle faster in a body if water due to less resistance, this factor affecting deposition is called
Shape
Higher density particles will settle faster, this factor affecting deposition is called
Density
A fast flowing stream has more carrying power and the size of the particles deposited will also increase, this factor affecting deposition is called
Velocity
Glaciers deposit their sediment when they melt, this is called till, this factor of deposition is called
Glacial deposition
