Weather & Climate Flashcards

Question

Throughflow

Answer 1

the horizontal movement of water through the soil zone

Answer 2

Rain caused by air being forced up, over hills and mountains.

Answer 3

Very common in areas where the ground is heated by the sun such as the tropics - South Africa experiences this rainfall during summer

Answer 4

rainfall caused by a depression, when warm air rises over cold air

Answer 5

is measured from the equator, with positive values going north and negative values going south.

Answer 6

prevailing winds are the direction the wind blows most of the time and during most of the year

Answer 7

Temperature range increases with distance from the equator. Also, temperatures decrease as you move away from the equator. This is because the suns rays are dispersed over a larger area of land as you move away from the equator. This is due to the curved surface of the earth. In addition polar regions are colder because the suns rays have further to travel compared to place on the equator.

Answer 8

warm ocean current in the northern part of the Atlantic Ocean. It is a continuation of the Gulf Stream

Answer 9

the continuous movement of water between Earth's surface and the air, changing from liquid to gas to liquid

Answer 10

predictions of what the weather will be like in the near future based on patterns of change in the weather

Answer 11

The water cycle causes clouds to form. As the sun heats the ocean, liquid water changes into invisible gas called water vapour which rises in the air. High up in the atmosphere, where the air is cooler, water vapour turns back into water droplets forming clouds.

Answer 12

Inward because air moves from colder to warmer so air above the water is cooler.

Answer 13

The burning of petrol from cars gives off carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere absorbs some of the heat given off by Earth. Buildings, roads absorb and hold more heat from the sun, this affects city temperatures.

Answer 14

There would be no wind if the temperature above the sea and land are the same. But if there was any low pressure, are would move from high to low pressure so would blow in that direction.

Answer 15

When cold and warm air masses collide, then weather can change - either becoming fair or causes rain storms.

Answer 16

Because of its high altitude

Answer 17

Earth's position - Earth's distance from sun & tilt changes Solar energy - more sunspots = warmer climates Volcanic activity - gases & ash in lead to lower temperatures

Answer 18

Sun provides heat, ground heat up, condensation, air above ground heats up, torrential rain.

Answer 19

Evaporation, condensatin, precipitation, water vapour forced to rise, dew point in shadow.

Answer 20

Cold air, warm air forced to rise condensation, precipiation, dew point

Answer 21

The weather of the UK is very changeable because it is affected by a number of different air masses.

Answer 22

``` There are 5 factors which affect climate. Latitude Altitude Winds Distance from the sea (continentality) Aspect ```

Answer 23

Climate can be displayed on a graph. A climate graph contains two pieces of information. The amount of rainfall and the temperature of an area.

Answer 24

Hydrolic Cycle

Answer 25

``` Oceans Lakes Soil Puddles Your skin Plant leaves ```

Answer 26

``` Rain Snow Sleet Freezing rain - when rain drops freeze on a cold surface Hail ```

Answer 27

A region having little rainfall because it is sheltered from prevailing rain-bearing winds by a range of hills

Answer 28

The major stores of water are the ocean, ice caps, land and the atmosphere

Answer 29

a specialist who studies processes in the earth's atmosphere that cause weather conditions