Weather And Climate

Question 1

Why conduction and convection cant occur In space

Answer 1

Conduction and convection both require a medium. Convection happens through fluids and conduction happens through solids. There is no medium in space therefore conduction and convection cannot happen in space

Question 2

Three actions city planners can take to increase cities albedo

Answer 2

1. use glass instead of bricks for new construction
2. Planting vegetation on rooftops Or installing solar reflective panels on Roofs
3. Brightening asphalt and concrete pavement by turning them white

Question 3

What causes different seasons?

Answer 3

The different seasons are caused by The tilt in the earths Axis. The tilt causes some parts of the planet to be closer to the to the sun. Different parents get different amounts of heat

Question 4

What causes day and night?

Answer 4

The earths rotation around its axis

Question 5

Why is atmospheric pressure lower at the top of a mountain then in the valley below

Answer 5

Atmospheric pressure Results from gravity pulling air down. At the top of the mountain there is less air so the pressure is less than in the valley below

Question 6

Earth is tilted on its axis. What effect does the tilt have on weather patterns around the globe?

Answer 6

Detailed causes some parts of the planet to be closer to the sun. The parts that are close to get more direct sunlight and this results in different areas having different weather

Question 7

What is the Coriolis effect?

Answer 7

Coriolis effect is the change of direction in a rotating system

Question 8

How do convection currents work?

Answer 8

Convection currents Results from warm air rising and cool air falling

Question 9

What role do the prevailing winds play in climate regulation?

Answer 9

Prevailing winds distribute large amounts of solar energy from the equator to colder parts of the world and back. They also carry moisture which causes precipitation

Question 10

What role do oceans play in energy transfer?

Answer 10

Deep ocean currents transfer energy (stored in water) from warmer parts to colder parts of the world

Question 11

Do countries on the equator experience both summer and winter? Why or why not?

Answer 11

They do not experience winter. This is because the equator gets direct sunlight all year long. 

Question 12

What do tree rings tell us about the weather?

Answer 12

Tree rings tell us how warm and how wet a summer was. If the tree rings are further apart that means that the tree grew a lot And that there was lots of rain. If the rings were closer it means that the tree didn’t grow that much and that there wasn’t lots of rain

Question 13

List three pieces of information scientists can get by examining ice samples.

Answer 13

1. The thickness of the ice layer tells us the amount of snowfall that season.
2. Dust particles in the ice are from natural events such as volcanic eruption’s
3. Gas bubbles in each layer tell us about the composition of the atmosphere

Question 14

extreme weather events

Answer 14

Hurricanes, tornadoes, floods, blizzards, droughts

Question 15

What is the effect of rising ocean temperatures on thermalhaline circulation and the global conveyor belt?

Answer 15

Thermalhaline solution is the density changes in the water. If the ocean temperature keeps rising the changes in density will decrease. The circulation will slow down or stop altogether

Question 16

What are the three types of extreme weather alerts? What does each one mean?

Answer 16

Watch- Conditions are present for extreme weather to occur in your area, pay attention to further updates

Advisory- Severe weather is likely to cause Local problems and inconveniences in your area.

Warning- Extreme weather is highly likely to arrive somewhere in your area or may already be happening

Question 17

What is the difference between forecasting weather and climate?

Answer 17

Weather forecasting is more local and relates to weather for the future days or weeks.
Climate scientists look at Atmospheric conditions in terms of averages and patterns that have occurred over many years. 

Question 18

In what direction with the airflow if the Earth was not rotating?

Answer 18

Without the earths rotation, air would flow in straight lines back-and-forth between the equator and the poles

Question 19

What is the advantage and disadvantage of the greenhouse gas effect?

Answer 19

Advantages – Necessary for life. Keeps our climate warm, prevents it from fluctuating too much

Disadvantages – it’s bad when there is too many greenhouse gases and causes the climate to get warmer. (global warming)

Question 20

What is the reason that phytoplankton are more prevalent near the poles the near the equator? 

Answer 20

The polls get less direct sunlight.

Question 21

How will ozone depletion effect the growth of phytoplankton?

Answer 21

Ozona depletion will make the polls have more sunlight. The number of phytoplankton will drop

Question 22

What is the greenhouse gas effect? What are three greenhouse gases?

Answer 22

The greenhouse gas effect is the process where atmospheric gases absorb the heat energy from the sun and prevent heat from leaving or atmosphere. Three greenhouse gases are carbon dioxide, methane, and water vapour

Question 23

Why does deforestation contribute to the problem of the greenhouse effect?

Answer 23

Photosynthesis plants take in carbon dioxide and forests are cleared more carbon dioxide is in the atmosphere