Weather And Climate Flashcards
What is the difference between weather and climate?
Weather is day to day and climate is usually measured in a period of 30 years.
What are the key elements of weather?
Sunshine duration/cloud cover, wind speed/direction, precipitation, air pressure, temperature, relative humidity (R.H.)
What are the instruments to measure elements of weather?
Thermometer, Barometer, Wet and dry thermometers, wind vane, Anemometer, rain gauge, sunshine recorder
What is the unit used for measuring air pressure?
hPa
What are the possible units for measuring wind speed?
m/s, or km/h for strong winds like typhoons
True or false: Anemometers are used to measure air pressure.
False. Barometers are used for air pressure.
True or false: Wind vanes measure wind speed.
False. Wind speeds are measured by Anemometers.
True or false: the tool used to measure sunshine duration is called Sunshine Recorder.
True.
What are symbolised by these symbols? • * , Inverted Δ What category of weather elements do they belong to?
Rain, snow, drizzle, shower
Precipitation
What are symbolised by these symbols?
|-
|—
What category of weather elements do they belong to?
2.5m/s, 5m/s
Wind speed
What are symbolised by these symbols?
Ξ
♾
Mist, fog, haze
How do typhoons form?
- > =26.5°C warm sea surface temperature
- Moist air is evaporated from the ocean and condenses to form clouds
- More warm air rises and form towering clouds
- The clouds form a low pressure system and suck air into it
- The air and clouds spirals upwards
- The low pressure system sucks in more air, creating strong winds
What are the preventive measures for typhoons?
- Well-developed warning system
- Appropriate housing: concrete houses with four-sided roofs and shatter-resistant glass films (May be built on stilts)
- Urban planning: avoid building houses in areas that can be potentially flooded
- Education of people in case of emergency
What are the remedial measures for typhoons?
- Well-trained rescue teams
2. Temporary shelter centres for people whose homes are lost/heavily damaged
What is the definition of air pressure?
The force which the air exerts on the ground