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GGR > Weather > Flashcards

Weather Flashcards

1
Q

Weather

A

short-term, day-to-day conditions of the atmosphere

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2
Q

Climate

A

long-term average (e.g., 30 years) atmospheric conditions

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3
Q

Meteorology

A

scientific study of the atmosphere

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4
Q

Air mass

A

homogenous body of air with respect to temperature, moisture and stability, and it distinctly reflects the characteristics of its source region.

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5
Q

What are some key weather variables?

A
  • Temperature
  • Air pressure
  • Relative humidity
  • Wind speed and direction
  • Cloud cover and type
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6
Q

Weather conditions reflect….?

A

dynamics within and between air masses

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7
Q

Moisture ‘m’

A

maritime (wet)

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8
Q

Moisture ‘c’

A

continental (dry)

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9
Q

Temperature/latitude ‘A’

A

Arctic

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10
Q

Temperature/latitude ‘P’

A

Polar

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11
Q

Temperature/latitude ‘T’

A

Tropical

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12
Q

Temperature/latitude ‘E’

A

Equatorial

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13
Q

Temperature/latitude ‘AA’

A

Antarctic

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14
Q

Continental polar (cP) air masses form only in the…?

A

Northern Hemisphere

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15
Q

Maritime polar (mP) air masses in the Northern Hemisphere exist over the…?

A

northern oceans

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16
Q

Two maritime tropical (mT) air masses

A

mTGulf/Atlantic and the mTPacific

17
Q

mTPacific is lower or higher in moisture content to the mt gulf?

A

lower

18
Q

air masses migrate from…?

A

air masses migrate from source regions and take on the characteristics of the land over which they pass

19
Q

To form precipitation air masses do what?

A

lift and rise in altitude to reach the dew-point temperature, condense, and form clouds

20
Q

What are the 4 different types of Atmospheric Lifting Mechanisms?

A
  • Convergent Lifting
  • Convectional Lifting
  • Orographic Lifting
  • Frontal Lifting (Cold and Warm Fronts)
21
Q

Whats Convergent Lifting?

A
  • Air flows toward an area of low pressure.

* Low pressure centre: air converging and ascending, cooling and condensation occurring.

22
Q

Whats Convective Lifting?

A
  • Cool air moves over a warm surface, is heated and ascends

* Air cools adiabatically and condensation occurs

23
Q

Whats Orographic Lifting?

A
  • Oro means “mountain.”

* Orographic lifting occurs when air is forced to ascend upslope as it is pushed against a mountain.

24
Q

Whats Chinook winds (Oro lift.)?

A

descending air flow on the leeward side of the mountain is dry and hot compared to what it was at the same elevation on the windward side.

25
Q

Whats Frontal Lifting?

A

the transition zone between two air masses of different densities.

26
Q

Cold Fronts (Frontal lifting)

A

Cold air forces warm air aloft

leading edge of an advancing cold air mass

27
Q

Warm Fronts (frontal lifting)

A

Warm air moves up and over cold air

leading edge of an advancing warm air mass

GGR (1 decks)

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