Weather Flashcards
Sea level temperature and pressure
Surface temp 15°C 59°F
Pressure to 29.92 inches Hg or 1013.2 mbar
Weight of atmosphere at sea level
14.7 pounds per square inch
Pressure decreases roughly 1 inch of mercury per __________ foot increase in altitude
1000
Types of barometers
Mercurial and Aneroid
Altimeter setting indicator (ASI)
Primary means of obtaining altimeter Setting at terminal facility
Reports station pressure
Altimeter setting
Station pressure with the correction factor for field elevation
Altimeter
Barometer which is graduated to read height rather than pressure
Altitude
Height in feet above ground level or from mean sea level
True altitude
Actual altitude above mean sea level
Indicated altitude
An altitude above mean sea level indicated on altimeter
Altimeter setting
Value to which scale of the pressure altimeter sit so the altimeter indicates true altitude at field elevation
Pressure high to low
Look out below
Pressure low to high
Eyes to the sky
Lapse rate
2°C or 3.3°F per thousand feet
Pressure altitude
Altitude in the standard atmosphere where the current pressure surrounding the aircraft is found
FL180
29.92
Density altitude
The altitude in the standard atmosphere for density of the air surrounding the aircraft is found
Pressure temperature and humidity determine air density
High density altitude
Center air reduces aircraft performance by reducing power thrust and lift. Lengthen takeoff and landing rolls
Convection current
2 services he did unequally cause the uneven heating of the air above
Warm air rises as cool air sinks creating wind
advection
Horizontal movement of wind, can transfer heat or atmospheric properties from one area to another
Coriolis effect
Action called by the rotation of the earth that affects the path of air currents. Deflecting air to the right in the northern hemisphere
Circulation
Airflow from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure
Jet stream
Narrow band of strong winds moving through the upper atmosphere. Associated with frontal movements separating warm and cold there.
Creates high level wind shear/clear air turbulence (C a T)
Atmospheric pressure
A measure of weight that a column of air exerts on an object
Sea level temperature and pressure
Surface temp 15°C 59°F
Pressure to 29.92 inches Hg or 1013.2 mbar
Weight of atmosphere at sea level
14.7 pounds per square inch
Pressure decreases roughly 1 inch of mercury per __________ foot increase in altitude
1000
Types of barometers
Mercurial and Aneroid
Altimeter setting indicator (ASI)
Primary means of obtaining altimeter Setting at terminal facility
Reports station pressure
Altimeter setting
Station pressure with the correction factor for field elevation
Altimeter
Barometer which is graduated to read height rather than pressure
Altitude
Height in feet above ground level or from mean sea level
True altitude
Actual altitude above mean sea level
Indicated altitude
An altitude above mean sea level indicated on altimeter
Altimeter setting
Value to which scale of the pressure altimeter sit so the altimeter indicates true altitude at field elevation
Pressure high to low
Look out below
Pressure low to high
Eyes to the sky
Lapse rate
2°C or 3.3°F per thousand feet
Pressure altitude
Altitude in the standard atmosphere where the current pressure surrounding the aircraft is found
FL180
29.92
Density altitude
The altitude in the standard atmosphere for density of the air surrounding the aircraft is found
Pressure temperature and humidity determine air density
High density altitude
Center air reduces aircraft performance by reducing power thrust and lift. Lengthen takeoff and landing rolls
Convection current
2 services he did unequally cause the uneven heating of the air above
Warm air rises as cool air sinks creating wind
advection
Horizontal movement of wind, can transfer heat or atmospheric properties from one area to another
Coriolis effect
Action called by the rotation of the earth that affects the path of air currents. Deflecting air to the right in the northern hemisphere
Circulation
Airflow from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure
Jet stream
Narrow band of strong winds moving through the upper atmosphere. Associated with frontal movements separating warm and cold there.
Creates high level wind shear/clear air turbulence (C a T)
Atmospheric pressure
A measure of weight that a column of air exerts on an object
cumulus
ustable cloud caused by convection currents
towering, cumulonibus (rain), cumulus fractus
stratus
low lying clouds formed when conditions are favorable for fog, wind 5kt or less
cirrus
high altitude feathery
nimbo/nimbus
suffix for rain
fractus
suffix for broken
TS
cumulus clouds in updrafts, mature stage begins precip, dissipating stage is caused by rain dragging air to the ground and high winds causing anviling
TS Hazzards
tornados(+FC), squall lines, wind shear, icing, hail, low vis, affects altimeter, lightning, microburst
Microburst
sudden down draft up to 2.5 mile outflow
unstable air
cumuliform clouds, showers, turbulence, good vis
stable air
stratiform clouds and fog, continuous precip, fair to poor vis
north american airflow
west to east
cold front
wind shifts clockwise blowing northwest
15 knots with thunderstorms
fast moving cold front
25 to 30 knots with squall lines possible tornadoes
warm front
10 knots, wind shift clockwise to blow southwest, steady precip on leading edge, fog
occluded front
cold front overtaking warm front, severe weather 150 miles from the occlusion point (triple point)
stationary front
little or no movement, may greatly hamper flight ops by staying in area for days, weather dependent on humidity and stability of air
air to ground vis
slant range
radiation fog
most common to ATC, caused by cooling of earths surface
advection fog
most air moving over cold ground or water
upslope fog
air force cooled on slopes
steam fog
dew point is raised to temp of air, cold air over warm water
frontal fog
warm rain failing through cold air raises the dew point
FU and HZ
smoke and haze, most dangerous during temp inversion (occluded front)
blowing snow dust and sand
reduce vis to near zero over extensive areas
Icing intensities
trace, light, moderate, severe
turbulence types
convective-caused by uneven heating of earths surface
mechanical-
