Weather 4 ( Forecasting ) Flashcards
A forecast that the current weather condition will persist and that future weather will be the same as the present (e.g., if it is raining today, a forecast predicting rain tonight).
Persistence forecasting
a weather forecasting on a very short term mesoscale period of up to 2 hours
Now casting
The weather up to 48 hours
Short-range forecast
The weather up to 3-7 days
Long-range forecasting
technology that collects weather data from a distance without actually being in physical contact with the object being observed.
Remote sensing technology
HELIUM-FILLED BALLOONS ARE LAUNCHED TO STUDY THE UPPER ATMOSPHERE. THEY CONTAIN A RADIOSONDE, AN ELECTRONIC DEVICE WITH SENSORS THAT MEASURE TEMPERATURE, ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE, AND WATER VAPOR. THE DATA IS THEN RADIOED BACK TO GROUND STATIONS. THE BALLOONS ARE ALSO TRACKED BY GROUND BASED RADAR TO MEASURE WIND SPEED AND DIRECTION.
Weather Balloon
an electronic device with sensors that measure temperature, atmospheric pressure, and water vapor
Radiosonde
a type of Earth observation that is primarily used to monitor the weather and climate of the Earth
Satellites
RADIOWAVES ARE SENT OUT INTO THE ATMOSPHERE. THE WAVES BOUNCE OFF WATER DROPS AND ICE PELLETS IN STORMS AND RETURN TO THE RADAR. A COMPUTER IMAGE IS THEN PRODUCED OF THE LOCATION AND SPEED OF A STORM.
Doppler Radar (Weather Radar)
When cold, dense air displaces warm air, it forces the warm air, which is less dense, up along a steep slope.
Cold Front
Advancing warm air displaces cold air along a warm front, which develops a gradual slope.
Warm Front
When two air masses meet but neither advances, the boundary between them stalls. The resulting —— front often occurs between two modified air masses with small temperature and pressure differences. The air masses can continue moving parallel to the front.
Stationary Front
Sometimes a cold air mass moves so fast that it overtakes a warm front, forcing warm air up. As the warm air is lifted, the advancing cold air mass collides with the cold air mass in front of the warm front. (—— means obstructed.)
Occluded Front
Lines on a weather map that join places of equal pressure. Meteorologists collect information from weather stations, buoys and ships and then draw smooth curves to join the dots. A line on a map connecting points having the same atmospheric pressure at a given time or on average over a given period.
Isobar
Air masses that travel over warm land or oceans may develop into —— pressure systems. When an air mass warms, it expands and rises, making the layer of air thicker. However, as the air rises, it cools. Water vapour in air may condense, producing clouds or precipitation. This is why —- pressure systems often bring wet weather. Winds travels counterclockwise around a —– pressure center.
Low Pressure System
