Weather Flashcards by Nathan Cutler

DALR

Dry Adiabatic Lapse Rate

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DALR formula

-3C per 1000ft (-5.4F per 1000ft)

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Maritime Tropical

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Maritime Polar

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Continental Arctic

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Continental Polar

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Maritime Arctic

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Continental Tropical

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Maritime Equator

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is DALR saturated air?

No. Displaced Air Expands and Cools. Compare with Standard Lapse Rate

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SLR or LR

Lapse Rate or Standard Lapse Rate

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if Lapse Rate is greater then DALR, then air is

Unstable

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if Lapse Rate is less than DALR, the air is

Stable

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if Lapse Rate is equal to DALR, then air is

Neutral. Moves and stays with new placement.

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Buy Ballot’s Law

With the wind to your back, the low pressure is on the left

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millibars (isobars)

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D-value

TA-PA

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True Altitude

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Pressure Altitude

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D-value formula

True Altitude minus Pressure Altitude… gradient in D-value on the cross track = geostrophic wind

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Relative Humidity

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Vapor Pressure

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SVP

Saturated Vapor Pressure

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Temp-Dewpoint Spread

If Air Temp is 70, but surface saturation point is 60 (dew point) then the difference is —– 70 - 60 = 10.

If 0 then atmosphere is fully saturated

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Temp-Dewpoint calculation Celsius to Fahrenheit

Divide by 2.5 (C) or 4.4 (F) then x 1000. if dew point spread is 10 degrees celsius --> 10/2.5*1000 =

V V

Vertical Visibility

AGL

Above Ground Level

PIREP

PILOT WEATHER REPORT

PIREP TERM: UA

Routine PIREP

PIREP TERM: UUA

URGENT PIREPPIREP TERM:OV

PIREP TERM: OV

LOCATION

PIREP TERM: TM

TIME (UTC)

PIREP TERM: FL

Flight Level in 100s of feet MSL / altitude

PIREP TERM: TP

Aircraft type

PIREP TERM: SK

Sky condition

PIREP TERM: WX

flight visibility and weateather

PIREP TERM: TA

Outside air temperature (degrees Celsius)

PIREP TERM: WV

Wind direction [*true] and wind speed in knots

PIREP TERM: TB

turbulence intensity and type

PIREP TERM: IC

Icing intensity and type

PIREP TERM: RM

remarks

PIREP true or false: a PIREP includes all elements of a METAR

False... a coded PIREP will only contain those elements that are actually reported

PIREP Example: UUA /OV MIA/TM 1915/FL on FNL APRCH/TP MD 080/RM LOSS OF 20KT AT 300FT APPROACHING MIDDLE MARKER RWY 27R

Urgent PIREP over Miami at 1915 UTC (time) on final approach. Aircraft type MD-80. Aircraft lost 20 knots of airspeed at an altitude of 300 feet while approaching the middle marker, runway 27 right.

LLWS

Low Level Wind Shear

Expected wind speed at 2-4k ft for a likely wind shear

25 knots +

LLWSAS

Low Level Wind Shear Alert System

TDWR

Terminal Doppler Weather Radar

METAR

Meterological Aerodome Report

LLT

Low Level Turbulence (below 15,000 ft)

TNT

Turbulence in and Near Thunderstorms

CAT

Clear Air Turbulence (above 15,000 MSL)

MWT

Mountain Wave Turbulence (Lee Wave Region approx 5,000 below tropopause..... 20k ft to 20k ft)

AMDAR

Aircraft Meteorological Data Relay

EDR

Eddy Dissipation Rate

VMC

Minimum Control Speed

VMC (weather)

Visual Meteorological Conditions

VMCG

Visual Meteorological Conditions Speed on Ground

MAP

Manifest Absolute Pressure

AOA

Angle of Attack

METAR: B

BEGAN

METAR: BKN

BROKEN SKY (obscure/obstacle ex: smoke)

METAR: BL

BLOWING

METAR: DR

LOW DRIFTING

METAR: DS

DUST STORM

METAR: DU

DUST

METAR DZ:

DRIZZLE

METAR: E

ENDED

METAR: FC

FUNNEL CLOUD

METAR: FG

FOG

METAR: FZ

FREEZING

METAR: HZ

HAZE

METAR: IC

ICE CRYSTALS

METAR: PE

ICE PELLETS

METAR: PR

PARTIAL

METAR: PY

SPRAY

METAR: RA

RAIN

METAR: SA

SAND

METAR: SG

NOW GRAINS

METAR: SH

SHOWERS

METAR: SN

SNOW

METAR: SQ

SQUALLS MOD.

METAR: SS

SANDSTORM

METAR: TS

THUNDERSTORM

METAR: UP

UNKNOWN PRECIP

METAR: VA

VOLCANIC ASH

METAR: VC

IN THE VICINITY

METAR: BC

PATCHY

METAR: BR

MIST

METAR: PO

Well-developed Dust/Sand Whirls

METAR: GS

SMALL HAIL OR SNOW PELLETS

METAR: GR

HAIL

METAR: MI

SHALLOW

METAR: FU

SMOKE

RVR

Runway Visual Range

RVV

Runway Visibility

Exemption 3585

Continue to dispatch if conditional wording "becoming, temp, occasional, intermittently, chance of, or briefly" while meeting all min req's

VFR

Visual Flight Rules

MVFR

Marginal Visual Flight Rules

IFR

Instrument Flight Rules

LIFR

Low Instrument Flight Rules

IMC

Instrument Meteorological Conditions