weather

Question 1

tropical climate

Answer 1

found near the equator
have warm tempreture throughout the year
high humidty
have rainforests
lots of rainfall

Question 2

temperate climate

Answer 2

have distinct seasons
warm summers, coll winters
middle latidtudes and moderate rainfall

Question 3

polar climate

Answer 3

near earth’s poles
are very cold and experience long, harsh winter
little daylight
have low precipitation
covered in lees and snow

Question 4

dry/desert climate

Answer 4

hot and dry regions
very little rainfall
extreme temerate ranges
scorching hot days
cool nights

Question 5

where is weather recorded

Answer 5

in a weather station

Question 6

where are instruments kept in

Answer 6

stevenson screen

Question 7

structure of a stevenson screen

Answer 7

sheltered box
protect from daylight, radiation, other environmnetal factors
painted white to reflect sunlight
at least 1.5m above the ground
doors face away from direct sunlight
located in open air

Question 8

measuring rainfall

Answer 8

using a rain gauge
located away from trees and buildings so that water drops don’t distrub the data
recorded in simple table, then in a graph
—-> histogram

Question 9

measuring tempreture

Answer 9

using a maximum-minimum theremometer
record highest- lowest temp. in 24 meters
logged daily, at the same time
kept in shack
alcohol used becasue has low freezing point

Question 10

measuring sunshine

Answer 10

sunshine recorder or campell-stokes
glass ball, mounted on a frame
when sun shines, burns a line along the paper as it moves in the sky
total length of brunt line shows the sun has been shining that day

Question 11

measuring relative humidity

Answer 11

relative humidty is shown as percentage
unsing hygrometer:wet and dry bulb theremometer
has 2 theremometers
place in open air, away from direct sunlight
record temp. on dry bulb (actual temp.) and wet bulb (cooled by evaporation)
subtract wet from dry bulb=wet buld depression

Question 12

relative humity equation

Answer 12

100 - (5 x wet bulb depression)

Question 13

what does measuring relative humidity tell us

Answer 13

tells us how much water vapour is in the air compared to the maximun amount the air can contain

Question 14

how does air contain water vapour

Answer 14

evaporation and transpiration
it depends on the temp.

Question 15

100% relative humidity

Answer 15

saturated

Question 16

50% relative humdity

Answer 16

dry

Question 17

measuring atmospheric pressure

Answer 17

unit miilibars (mb)
lines of pressure is isobars
using a barometer
–> mercury
—> aneroid
—> barography
mercury is forced up the tube when both atmosspheric pressure is equalized, mercury stops moving

Question 19

measuring wind direction

Answer 19

using wind vane
direction is the compass from where the wind is blowing
unit of measurement for wind direction is compass direction
N,E,S,W on wind vane indicate ddirection
3m above building
once every hour

Question 20

measuring wind speed

Answer 20

using an anemometer
measured in m/s
consists of 3 or 4 cups that are metal, rotation on 10m shaft
stronger wind- faster rotating

Question 21

what are clouds

Answer 21

visible mass of water droplets or ice crystals suspended in the atmosphere

Question 22

3 types

Answer 22

cirrus
stratus
cumulus

Question 23

how are cloud coverage measured

Answer 23

measured in oktas
each oktas represents 1/8 of the sky covered by cloud
0=clear, 8=total coverage

Question 24

cirrus cloud

Answer 24

high above 6km
fine, thin with made of ice crystals (wisps)

Question 25

cumulus cloud

Answer 25

0-2km (low)
white w/ darker flat base, made of water droplets

Question 26

stratus cloud

Answer 26

0-2 km (low)
thin, uniform, grey sheet of small water droplets

Question 27

average temp for the day

Answer 27

maximum - minimum
2

Question 28

diurnal temp. range

Answer 28

maximum - minimum