WBC Flashcards
marker for hematopoietic stem cells
CD34*
normal WBC range
5-10 K/microL
neutropenia : definition and causes
decreased neutrophils
- drug toxicity
- severe sepsis causes cells to leave blood and enter tissues
*how to treat neutropenia
GM-CSF or G-CSF
lymphopenia : definition and causes
decreased lymphocytes
- immunodeficiency i.e DiGeorge
- autoimmune i.e SLE
- high cortisol state causes apoptosis
- whole body radiation - these are the first to be affected w/ radiation
causes of neutrophilic leukocytosis
- bacterial infection or tissue necrosis
2. high cortisol state - impairs adhesion leading to decreased margination
- what happens with neutrophils regarding a left shift
there are increased # of immature forms
** decreased Fc receptors (CD16)
MCC of monocytosis
chronic inflammation
MCC of eosinophilia
what interleukin is increased
- Hodgkin lymphoma
parastics
allergic rxns
IL-5
MCC of basophilia
CML
causes of lymphocytic leukocytosis
viral infections
*bordetella pertussis
MCCs of IM
EBV>CMV
3 sites that are affected in IM
- pharyngitis
- B cells
- hepatitis
*histological changes seen in IM
*generalized LAD in PARACORTEX and PALS
increased # of atypical lymphocytes - large nucleus with bluer cytoplasm
how to diagnose IM
monospot test-check for IgM heterophile antibodies
what does a negative monospot test indicate?
CMV!
major complication of IM
- splenic rupture!
2. dormancy of virus in B cells
- marker for lymphoblasts
TdT+ (DNA polymerase)
markers for B-ALL vs T-ALL
B-ALL : CD10, CD19
T-ALL : CD3-8 NO CD10
prophylaxis for B-ALL where?
scrotum and CSF
- marker for myeloblasts
MPO myeloperoxidase
crystal aggregates of MPO?
Auer rods
APL
cause?
tx?
acute promyelocytic leukemia
t(15,17) RAR
*ATRA- all trans retinoic acid
which myeloid leukemia lacks MPO and affects the gums?
acute monocytic leukemia
