*Ways Of Studying The Brain

Question 1

What does fMRI stand for?

Answer 1

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Question 2

What does fMRI measure?

Answer 2

Changes in blood oxygenation and flow to identify active brain regions

Question 3

What is the main use of fMRI?

Answer 3

To study brain function and activity during cognitive tasks and emotions

Question 4

What happens when a brain area is active?

Answer 4

It consumes more oxygen

Question 5

How does the brain meet the oxygen demand during activity?

Answer 5

Blood flow is directed to the active area

Question 6

What type of images does fMRI produce?

Answer 6

3D images showing which part of the brain is involved in certain mental processes

Question 7

What is EEG short for?

Answer 7

Electroencephalography

Question 8

What does EEG measure?

Answer 8

Electrical activity in the brain

Question 9

How are EEG recordings obtained?

Answer 9

By placing electrodes on the scalp to record neural signals

Question 10

What do EEG scan recordings present?

Answer 10

Brainwave patterns generated from the action of thousands of neurons

Question 11

What is a primary use of EEG in clinical settings?

Answer 11

As a diagnostic tool

Question 12

What might unusual EEG patterns indicate?

Answer 12

Neurological abnormalities such as epilepsy, tumors, sleep disorders

Question 13

What does ERP stand for?

Answer 13

Event-Related Potentials

Question 14

What are ERPs?

Answer 14

Electrical brain responses to specific stimuli or events

Question 15

How are ERPs recorded?

Answer 15

Using EEG (electroencephalography)

Question 16

What is a limitation of raw EEG data?

Answer 16

It is crude and overly general

Question 17

What technique is used to isolate ERP responses?

Answer 17

Statistical averaging techniques

Question 18

What do event-related potentials relate to?

Answer 18

Specific sensory, cognitive, and motor events

Question 19

What do post-mortem examinations involve?

Answer 19

Studying the brains of deceased individuals

Question 20

Who are likely candidates for post-mortem examinations?

Answer 20

Individuals with rare disorders or unusual deficits in mental processes or behavior

Question 21

What is examined in post-mortem studies?

Answer 21

Areas of damage to establish the likely cause

Question 22

What is a strength of fMRI?

Answer 22

Doesn’t rely on radiation and is non-invasive

Question 23

What is a limitation of fMRI?

Answer 23

Poor temporal resolution with a 5 second lag

Question 24

What is a strength of EEG?

Answer 24

High temporal resolution, accurately measuring brain activity at a resolution of one millisecond

Question 25

What is a limitation of EEG?

Answer 25

Generalized information and inability to pinpoint exact sources of neural activity

Question 26

What is an advantage of event-related potentials?

Answer 26

Much more specific to the measurement of neural processes than raw EEG data

Question 27

What is a limitation of event-related potentials?

Answer 27

Lack of standardization in ERP methodology between research studies

Question 28

What is a strength of post-mortem examinations?

Answer 28

Vital in providing a foundation for understanding key processes

Question 29

What is a limitation of post-mortem examinations?

Answer 29

Causation issues with observed damage possibly linked to unrelated trauma or decay

Question 30

Fill in the blank: fMRI provides a clear picture of brain _______.

Answer 30

activity

Question 31

True or False: EEG signals allow researchers to distinguish between activities originating in different locations.

Answer 31

False

Question 32

Fill in the blank: HM's brain was studied using a _______.

Answer 32

post-mortem examination