Ways of Investigating the Brain Flashcards

1
Q

what 4 ways are there for investigating the brain?

A

functional magnetic resonance imaging fMRI
electroencephalogram EEG
event-related potentials ERPs
post-mortem examinations

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2
Q

what do fMRI’s do?

A

detect changes in blood oxygenation and flow as result of neural activity in the brain

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3
Q

what happens when an area in the brain is more active during fMRIs?

A

increased demand of oxygen, so blood flow is directed to the area

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4
Q

what is it called when blood flow is directed towards and active area in fMRIs?

A

haemodynamic response

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5
Q

what do fMRIs produce?

A

3D images showing which parts of the brain are involved in a particular mental process, having important implications for understanding` of localisation of function

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6
Q

what do EEGs measure?

A

electrical activity within the brain through electrodes fixed to someone’s skull on a skull cap

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7
Q

what does the scan recording during EEGs represent?

A

brainwave patterns that are generated from actions of neurons, providing overall account of activity in the brain

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8
Q

how are EEGs often used?

A

by clinicians as a tool for unusual arrhythmic patterns of activity which can indicate neurological abnormalities such as epilepsy, tumours or disorders of sleep

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9
Q

what are ERPs?

A

statistical averaging done on EEGs leaving responses that relate to specific stimulus or task

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10
Q

ERPs are defined as…

A

types of brainwave triggered by particular events

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11
Q

post-mortem examinations are…

A

a technique involving the analysis of person’s brain after their death

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12
Q

who are the individuals who are subject to a post-mortem?

A

those with a rare disorder and experienced unusual deficits in mental processes or behaviour during their lifetime

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13
Q

what can post-mortem examinations consider?

A

a comparison with a neurotypical brain to see the extent of different in areas of damage afflicted

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14
Q

strengths of fMRIs

A

+ radiation free
+ risk and invasion free, making it straightforward to use
+ resolution, high spatial resolution, shows by mm showing localisation

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15
Q

weaknesses of fMRIs

A

ROT

-really expensive comp to other tech, perfect image if still
-only measure blood flow, don’t know real meaning
-temporal resolution is low as 5 sec lag

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