Waves test Flashcards
How do particles move in a wave?
Move back and forth
What is the difference between a transverse and longitudinal wave?
A longitudinal wave moves side to side while a transverse wave move up and down
What do all waves have in common?
refraction, and interference
What is the difference between a crest and trough?
Crest is the highest point trough is the lowest point
How is a crest and trough different for a longitudinal wave?
The crest of a wave is the highest point that it reaches, while the trough of the wave is the lowest point.
How do you measure wavelength, frequency, and amplitude?
You measure wavelength in cm, frequency in Hz, and amplitude in volume
How are frequency and wavelength related?
They are inversely related
What is the shape of a grand piano? Why is it shaped that way? Use your understanding of waves to explain.
It is shaped as big on one side and going down it gets smaller. It is shaped this way because one the bigger side there are lower tones because the strings are longer meaning waves are bigger meaning the tone is lower while on the other side the strings are smaller meaning small wavelength high pitch
What type of wave is sound and how do we know?
Longitudinal we know why because when a sound is played it goes straight to our ears meaning that it goes back and forth.
How does changing wavelength, frequency, and amplitude affect a sound wave?
Changing the wavelength would result in the frequency either being higher or lower and the amplitude doesn’t affect wavelength but it affects the loudness
What is the range of human hearing?
20-20,000 Hz
What type of wave is light and how do we know?
It is a transverse wave and we know because when two polarizers are perpendicular to each other it blocks out all waves except transverse and when you try to shine a light through them nothing comes out the other side.
How is light able to travel without a medium?
Light travel as an electromagnetic wave, and to travel it medium is not required.
How does changing wavelength, frequency, and amplitude affect a light wave?
Changing the wavelength only affects the frequency bc when the wavelength is bigger the frequency/color will be dark and when the wavelength is smaller the frequency/color will be bright and the amplitude affect the brightness
How are red and blue light different in terms of wavelength? Frequency?
the red light has a higher wavelength and a lower frequency and the blue light has a smaller wavelength and a higher frequency
What is ultraviolet light? What is infrared? Which is more dangerous and why?
ultraviolet light is beyond violet and infrared in below red
How does the eye work to see color? What are rods and cones?
it uses cones to see color and cones are what we use to see color we have 3 cones and rods are sensitive to amplitude
What is the difference between color addition (with light) versus color subtraction (with pigments)?
Color addition uses out 3 primary colors we se and combines them and color subtraction reflect and absorb many colors
What color would a lemon be under blue light? Under cyan light? Under magenta light?
it would absorb the blue and stay the same, it would reflect the green and absorb the blue, it would reflect the red and absorb the blue
What is polarization?
when a wave is allowed through something
What kind of waves can be polarized?
transverse
What is the Doppler effect?
an apparent change in frequency of a wave when the source is in motion
How does the Doppler effect work with sound? With light
with light it affects color and with sound it affects pitch
What does the red shift tell us about the universe?
it tells us that galaxies are expanding and moving away
What is interference?
when two waves interact
What is constructive interference
an increase in amplitude when the crests/troughs line up
What is destructive interference
a decrease in amplitude when the crests and troughs cancel each other out
What kind of interference is a sonic boom? How does it happen?
it is constructive and it happens by the waves so squished that they end up on top of each other
What is refraction?
bending of light due to change in the medium, which changes the speed and direction of the wave
Why does refraction occur?
due to a change in the speed of the wave.
Explain in detail why a penny in a cup of water can be seen before a penny in a cup without water.
The light from the penny bends into your eye letting you see from farther away
How do mirages happen?
when light passes through two layers of air with different temperatures.
Explain what is happening in the inverted American flag experiment in terms of how your eye works with color
all three of your cones are overworked so once the screen changed to a blank screen the cyan -> red, yellow -> blue, black -> white
