Waves And Rips Flashcards
What is a rip current?
A rip current is a body of water moving out to sea. People drown because they resist too much
Common signs of a rip are
Discoloured brown water due to sand stired up, foam on the surface extending beyond the break, debris floating seaward
Types of waves
Plunging (dumping) waves Spilling wave (safest) waves Surging wave (most dangerous)
3 factors that determine the size of waves
Intensity of the wind, length of time the wind blows, distance the wind blows
How to escape from a rip current
If you are a strong swimmer, swim at a 45 degree angle away from the rip but if a weak swimmer, wait till the rip stops and swim 30 meters away from the rip
DRSABCD
Danger- ensure area is safe Response (cows) Send for help- 000 Airway-open mouth Breathing- check for breathing Cpr- 30 compressions Defib
Beach warning signs
Warning signs use a yellow background and include simple symbols
What are regulatory signs
They are more important than warning signs because they inform prohibited activites at the beach
What are information signs
They are there to provide info at the beach
What are safety signs
Used to indicate safety provisons
Ways to equalize
hold your nose and swallowing or holding nose and blowing out
Plunging wave
A plunging wave occurs when the ocean floor is steep or has sudden depth changes,
Spilling waves
These аrе produced bу а gently sloping sea floor, which causes thе wave tо peak gradually
Surging waves
type оf wave comes іn out оf relatively deep water onto steep beaches, аnd rather thаn break it will surge up thе beach.
Why do waves break?
Waves break when the shape of the wave becomes too steep and this usually happens as waves travel from deep water to shallow water
Parts of the wave
Back of the wave= crest
Top= lip
Middle part=face
Bottom= trough
What is a littoral current?
A littoral current that forms into the basic rip and moves parralel to the shore and is at the base of a rip
Aided rescues
There are two rescue techniques. one technique is the tube rescue and other is the lifeboard rescue
Spring and neap tides
Spring tides are strong , full tides whereas neap tides are weaker
Tides
Tides occur from the gravity from the moon and there are low tides then high tides every 4 hours
Tide chart
High and low tide every 4 hours
Time= 1450= 2:50pm
Ht = height
Flag signs
One hand up- return to shore
Two hand ups- Procede further out to sea
Two hands into wingspan- Remain stationary
Close fist shaking hand- assistance required
