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Physics (Grade 9 and 10) > Waves and reflection general knowledge > Flashcards

Waves and reflection general knowledge Flashcards

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1
Q

A pulse

A

A single disturbance that is propagated through a medium which has an amplitude and pulse length

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2
Q

Amplitude

A

The distance from the equilibrium position to the highest displacement point (crest or trough)

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3
Q

Equilibrium position

A

The position at which the medium is at rest

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4
Q

Transverse pulse

A

A pulse in which the particles of the medium travel in right angles to the propagation direction of the pulse

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5
Q

Interference

A

The phenomena that occurs when two pulses meet as they move through the same medium

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6
Q

Constructive interference

A

Occurs when pulses overlap and the resultant displacement of the medium increases at the point of overlap

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7
Q

Destructive interference

A

Occurs when pulses with displacements in opposite directions overlap and the resultant displacement of the medium decreases at the point of overlap

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8
Q

A medium

A

The material through which a pulse or wave is propagated

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9
Q

Equilibrium position

A

The starting point of the wave, when no disturbance is present.

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10
Q

Wavelength

Lambda

A

The straight line distance between two adjacent points on a wave that are in phase.

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11
Q

Crest and Trough

A

Highest and lowest (Greatest points on both sides of the equilibrium position) point of the waves displacement.

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12
Q

Frequency (f)

A

The number of wave crests or troughs that pass a certain point (observer) in a second.
Hz= s^-1
f=1/T

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13
Q

Period (T)

A

The time taken for a wave to pass a certain point
Seconds= s
T=1/f

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14
Q

What is the wavelength range of visible light?

A

~400 nm- ~700 nm
Red= ~700 nm
Violet= ~400 nm

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15
Q

The wavelength range of Gamma rays

A

10^-2 nm to 10^-6 nm

=1 Angstrom

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16
Q

The wavelength range of x- rays

A

10^-1 nm - 10 nm

17
Q

The wavelength range of ultraviolet light

A

100 nm - 10^3 nm

(=1 micrometer)

18
Q

The wavelength range of infrared light

A

10 micrometers - 1 mm

19
Q

The wavelength range of microwaves

A

1 cm - 1 m

20
Q

The wave length range of radio waves

A

10 m - 100 Mm

21
Q

What is the law of reflection?

A

The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of refraction

22
Q

Properties of images formed in plane mirrors

A

Real image:

  1. Can be projected onto a screen
  2. Light rays pass through the image
  3. Usually inverted

Virtual image:

  1. Cannot be projected onto a screen
  2. No light rays pass through the image
  3. Always upright
23
Q

What is diffuse reflection?

A
  1. Light reflected off rough surfaces

2. Results in scattered rays which give a blurred image.

24
Q

What is specular reflection?

A
  1. Light reflected off smooth surfaces

2. Results in clear, sharp image

25
Q

Multiple reflection equation

A

(360/ the angle between the mirror)-1

26
Q

What would happen if two plane mirrors are placed parallel to one another?

A

An infinite number of images will be formed

27
Q

Label the 10 variables involved with curved mirrors

A 
F= focal point
I= image size 
P= pole of axis
R= radius of curvature
f= focal length
O= object size
u= image distance 
v= image distance 
C= centre of curvature
M= magnification
28
Q

What is LOST?

A

L- Location
O- orientation
S- size
T- type

29
Q

Real image

A
  1. Can be projected onto a screen

2. Light rays pass through the image

30
Q

Virtual image

A
  1. Cannot be projected onto a screen

2. No light rays pass through the image

31
Q

What is the sign convention of curved mirrors?

A

Real is positive.
OR
Virtual is negative.

32
Q

What is spherical aberration

A
  1. Light rays that strike the outer edges of a spherical mirror do not reflect through the focal point
  2. Leads to blurring of image
  3. Correction= concave mirrors are shaped as parabolas
  4. The PARABOLIC REFLECTOR produce a sharp, clear image exactly at the focal point.
33
Q

Use of parabolic reflectors in everyday life?

A
  1. DSTV dish is shaped as a parabola

Physics (Grade 9 and 10) (5 decks)

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