Waves and reflection general knowledge Flashcards

1
Q

A pulse

A

A single disturbance that is propagated through a medium which has an amplitude and pulse length

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2
Q

Amplitude

A

The distance from the equilibrium position to the highest displacement point (crest or trough)

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3
Q

Equilibrium position

A

The position at which the medium is at rest

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4
Q

Transverse pulse

A

A pulse in which the particles of the medium travel in right angles to the propagation direction of the pulse

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5
Q

Interference

A

The phenomena that occurs when two pulses meet as they move through the same medium

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6
Q

Constructive interference

A

Occurs when pulses overlap and the resultant displacement of the medium increases at the point of overlap

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7
Q

Destructive interference

A

Occurs when pulses with displacements in opposite directions overlap and the resultant displacement of the medium decreases at the point of overlap

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8
Q

A medium

A

The material through which a pulse or wave is propagated

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9
Q

Equilibrium position

A

The starting point of the wave, when no disturbance is present.

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10
Q

Wavelength

Lambda

A

The straight line distance between two adjacent points on a wave that are in phase.

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11
Q

Crest and Trough

A

Highest and lowest (Greatest points on both sides of the equilibrium position) point of the waves displacement.

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12
Q

Frequency (f)

A

The number of wave crests or troughs that pass a certain point (observer) in a second.
Hz= s^-1
f=1/T

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13
Q

Period (T)

A

The time taken for a wave to pass a certain point
Seconds= s
T=1/f

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14
Q

What is the wavelength range of visible light?

A

~400 nm- ~700 nm
Red= ~700 nm
Violet= ~400 nm

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15
Q

The wavelength range of Gamma rays

A

10^-2 nm to 10^-6 nm

=1 Angstrom

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16
Q

The wavelength range of x- rays

A

10^-1 nm - 10 nm

17
Q

The wavelength range of ultraviolet light

A

100 nm - 10^3 nm

(=1 micrometer)

18
Q

The wavelength range of infrared light

A

10 micrometers - 1 mm

19
Q

The wavelength range of microwaves

A

1 cm - 1 m

20
Q

The wave length range of radio waves

A

10 m - 100 Mm

21
Q

What is the law of reflection?

A

The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of refraction

22
Q

Properties of images formed in plane mirrors

A

Real image:

  1. Can be projected onto a screen
  2. Light rays pass through the image
  3. Usually inverted

Virtual image:

  1. Cannot be projected onto a screen
  2. No light rays pass through the image
  3. Always upright
23
Q

What is diffuse reflection?

A
  1. Light reflected off rough surfaces

2. Results in scattered rays which give a blurred image.

24
Q

What is specular reflection?

A
  1. Light reflected off smooth surfaces

2. Results in clear, sharp image

25
Multiple reflection equation
(360/ the angle between the mirror)-1
26
What would happen if two plane mirrors are placed parallel to one another?
An infinite number of images will be formed
27
Label the 10 variables involved with curved mirrors
``` F= focal point I= image size P= pole of axis R= radius of curvature f= focal length O= object size u= image distance v= image distance C= centre of curvature M= magnification ```
28
What is LOST?
L- Location O- orientation S- size T- type
29
Real image
1. Can be projected onto a screen | 2. Light rays pass through the image
30
Virtual image
1. Cannot be projected onto a screen | 2. No light rays pass through the image
31
What is the sign convention of curved mirrors?
Real is positive. OR Virtual is negative.
32
What is spherical aberration
1. Light rays that strike the outer edges of a spherical mirror do not reflect through the focal point 2. Leads to blurring of image 3. Correction= concave mirrors are shaped as parabolas 4. The PARABOLIC REFLECTOR produce a sharp, clear image exactly at the focal point.
33
Use of parabolic reflectors in everyday life?
1. DSTV dish is shaped as a parabola