Waves Flashcards
Mechanical (Transverse and Longitudinal)
Sound waves, water waves, seismic
Electromagnetic Waves (Transverse)
Radio waves, microwaves, infared waves, ultraviolet waves, light, X-ray, gamma
Types of medium Mechanical waves move through
Solids, liquids, gases
Types of medium Transverse waves move through
Solid, liquid, gas, empty space/vaccum
Parts of the wave - Transvers
Crest & Trough
Parts of the wave - Longitudinal
Compression & Rarefaction
Parts of the wave - Transverse
Crest, trough
All EM waves are
Transverse
Mechanical waves move fastest in ___ and slowest in ___
Solids, gases
Electronmagnetic waves move fastest in ____ and slowest in _____
empty space, solids
What is being transferred during the movement of a wave?
energy
Light wave changes direction due to
refraction
Why does the light wave change direction?
The object stops the light wave from continuing change of speed.
Describe the relationship[ between amplitude and energy.
The larger the amplitude of the wave the more energy.
Describe the relationship between frequency and wavelength.
If a wave is longer they have a lower frequency. Wave is shorter, frequency is higher.
Only electromagnetic waves can move through
empty space/vacuum
In a transverse wave, a measure of the distance from one trough to the next is the wave’s
wavelength
In a _____ wave, particles move parallel to the direction in which the wave travels.
longitudinal
In a _____ wave, the disturbance is perpendicular to the direction in which the wave travels,
transverse
The distance from one crest to the next crest is a wave’s
wavelength
The Sun’s energy can mover through space because it travels as
electromagnetic waves
The frequency of a wave is the
number of wavelength that pass by a point each second
A longitudinal wave makes particles in a medium
move back and forth parallel to wave movement
Describe the relationship between amplitude and compressions in a sound wave:
Compression is measured in wave lengths from each one. Amplitude is measured from rest or medium to crest or trough
Describe the relationship between amplitude and crests in a transverse wave.
The amplitude goes from rest to crest, you need a crest or trough to get the amplitude
Absorption
tinted windows, transfers some energy to the medium it travels through
Transmission
Light passage through an object. Passage of light through an object. Clear windows
Reflection
Seeing yourself in window. Bounces wave off surface. Chrome
Refraction
Changing speed when moving into a new medium
Diffraction
Spreading out around a barrier
Sound Wave
Longitudinal, travels only through matter, produced by vibrations.
Sound Wave - Wavelength
the distance from one point on a wave to the same point on the next
Sound Wave - Frequency
the number of wavelengths pass by a point each second
How does temperature affect the speed a sound wave travels?
Sound waves in air travel faster on a warm day than o cold winder day. Inc. Temp Inc. Speed.
How does the type of matter affect the speed a sound wave travels?
The speed is affected with different types of material, travel faster through denser objects - solids.
What is pitch and how is it determined?
The perception of how high or low a sound seems. Frequency determines pitch. Inc. Freq Inc. Pitch
What is loudness and how is it determined?
the human sensation on how much energy a sound wave carries
What is the relationship between amplitude and loudness?
The higher the amplitude, the louder the sound.
How are the groups on the Electromagnetic (EM) Spectrum organized?
wavelength
Radio
less than 0.3m (longest) - Radios & TV
Microwaves
0.3m - .001m - Cell phones
Infrared
0.001m-700nm - warming food
Light
700nm-400nm - Sunburn
X-ray
10nm - 0.01 nms - s-rays for broken bones
Gamma
less than 0.01nm (shortest) - medical connections
Transparent
A material that allows almost all the light to pass through
Translucent
A material that allows most of the light to pass through
Opaque
A material that allows no light ot come through
Light waves are measured in
nanometers
Why do you see different colors?
Most objects do not give off, or emit, light. Instead they reflect light.
In which direction does light travel from its source?
A smooth surface reflects light rays traveling in the smae direction at the same angel.
What is scattering?
Occurs when light traveling in one direction are made to travel in many directions. (Dust particles in the air you see when sunlight shines through a window)
How is regular reflection different than diffuse reflection?
Regular - a smooth surface - clear pic
Diffuse - rought surface - blurry image
Candle (fire): _____ energy to _____ energy
chemical; light
Flashlight (battery):_____ energy to _____ energy
chemical; light
The Sun (H & He): _____ energy to _____ energy
nuclear; light
Light bulb (plugged in):_____ energy to _____ energy
electric; light
