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Physics > Waves > Flashcards

Waves Flashcards

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1
Q

A danger of ultraviolet?

A

Damage to skin cells, blindness

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2
Q

A use of gamma rays

A

Sterilising food and medical equopment

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3
Q

A Mexican wave is an example of what type of wave?

A

Transverse

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4
Q

List three differences between light and sound waves

A

SOUND

  • Longitudinal
  • 340 m/s in air
  • Needs a medium

LIGHT

  • Transverse
  • 300,000,000 m/s
  • No need for medium
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5
Q

Wave speed =

A

Wave speed m/s = frequency Hz x wavelength m

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6
Q

A use of infrared

A

Heaters, night bision

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7
Q

Speed that infra red radiation travels through space?

A

300,000,000 m/s

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8
Q

What is the word given to the weakening of signals over distance?

A

Attenuation

All waves, but digital waves are easier to interpret once they have been amplified

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9
Q

What influences how much a wave is diffracted through a gap?

A

The wavelength of the wave and the width of the gap

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10
Q

A use of visible light?

A

Optical fibres, photography

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11
Q

How does the shape of a sound wave affect its pitch?

A

High frequency and short wavelength = high pitch

Low frequency and long wavelength = low pitch

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12
Q

What is the order of the magnetic spectrum?

A 
Radio
Micro
Infrared
Visible
Ultraviolet
X 
Gamma
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13
Q

Use of radio waves?

A

Broadcasting and communications

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14
Q

What is the frequency of a wave?

A

The number of waves passing a point per second

Hertz or s-1

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15
Q

What are longitudinal waves?

A

The vibrations/ displacements are in same direction (plane) as its direction of trabel

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16
Q

Danger of infrared

A

Skin burns

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17
Q

Period of a wave

A

The time taken for one wavelength to pass a point

Measured in seconds

18
Q

What is it called when two identical waves meet and cancel each other out?

A

Destructive interference

19
Q

Transverse waves

A

The vibrations/ displacements are at right angles to its direction of travel

20
Q

Danger of microwaves

A

Internal heating of body tissie

21
Q

Amplitude of a wave

A

The maximum displacement, measured in metres

22
Q

What is refraction?

A

The bending of light rays as they go from one medium to another

23
Q

Use of microwaves

A

Cooking, satellite transnissions

24
Q

Danger of gamma rays?

A

Cancer/ mutation

25
Q

Total internal reflection

A

When a ray reflects 100% from the internal surface of glass or pladyic

26
Q

Which has the most energetic protons?

Gamma, ultraviolet or radio

A

Gamma

27
Q

How are frequency and time period related?

A

Frequency = 1/ time period

28
Q

In reflection, the angle of incidence=?

A

The angle of reflection

29
Q

What is the speed of a wave with a wavelength of 2 metres and frequency of 6 Hz?

A

12 m/s

30
Q

What speed to radio waves travel through space?

A

300,000,000 m/s

31
Q

Light can travel through a vacuum. Can sound waves?

A

No

32
Q

What is the critical angle?

A

The angle at which the light begins to totally internally reflect OR the angle of incidence which gives an angle of refraction of 90 degrees

33
Q

Sin c =

A

1/ n

34
Q

The speed if light?

A

300,000,000 m/s

35
Q

How does the shape if a sound wave affect its volume?

A

Large amplitude = loud sound

Small amplitude= quiet sound

36
Q

How are digital signals better than analogue

A

They can carry more info
The effect of noise and attenuation can easily be cleaned up
A distorted signal is much easier to interpret than a distorted analogue one

37
Q

Waves transfer…

A

ENERGY

38
Q

Use of X rays

A

Looking at internal structure of objects and bodies

39
Q

n is what?

A

Refractive index

40
Q

What is the range for human hearing?

A

20-20,000 Hz

41
Q

Signals can pick up random additions on their way to the receiver, making the quality poorer. What are these random additions?

A

Simply just noise

Physics (8 decks)

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