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Physics > Waves > Flashcards

Waves Flashcards

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1
Q

Approximate wavelength for infrared?

A

1mm- 700nm

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2
Q

Give 2 applications of polarisation

A

Sunglasses and radio waves

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3
Q

Compare angles of R and I when travelling into a deeper region ( less optically dense)

A

R>I

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4
Q

Define diffraction

A

The spreading of a wave as it passes around an obstacle or through a gap

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5
Q

Approximate wavelength of radio waves

A

Greater then 0.1m

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6
Q

Approximate wavelength of gamma rays

A

Less than 0.01nm

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7
Q

Which refracts more.
Red or violet?
Long or short wavelength?

A

Violet and short

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8
Q

Compare angles when travelling to a higher RI

A

I>R

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9
Q

What are plane polarised waves?

A

Waves where the electric fields all oscillate in the same plane

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10
Q

Approximate wavelength of x-rays

A

10nm-0.001nm

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11
Q

Approximate wavelength of Ultraviolet

A

400nm -1nm

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12
Q

How are x- rays emitted?

A

When a fast moving electron is brought to a stop

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13
Q

Define refractive index

A

The ratio of the waves speed in the material and in a vacuum

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14
Q

How are ultra violet waves emitted?

A

When an electron moves down a shell in an atom

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15
Q

What is the speed of sound in air?

A

343ms^-1

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16
Q

What are wave fronts?

A

Lines of constant phase, perpendicular to the direction of travel

17
Q

On a stationary wave, what makes 2 point in anti phase?

A

Separated by an odd number of nodes

18
Q

What properties of a wave change during refraction?

A

Speed and wavelength

19
Q

Approximate wavelength of visible light

A

700nm-400nm

20
Q

Define coherence

A

Same frequency and constant phase relationship

21
Q

Examples of transverse waves

A

Electromagnetic, water, secondary seismic

22
Q

What is phase difference when wave reflects from a surface?

A

Pi

23
Q

Examples of longitudinal waves

A

Sound, primary seismic

24
Q

What is modal dispersion and how can it be reduced?

A

Spreading out by rays taking different paths in the fibre.
It can be minimised by using a fibre with a smaller core diameter

25
Q

What properties remain constant during refraction?

A

Frequency

26
Q

Define phase difference

A

The measure of the fraction of the wave cycle between 2 points along a wave

27
Q

What is material dispersion and how can it be minimised?

A

The spreading out as different rays travel at different speeds
It can be minimised by using monochromatic light

28
Q

What must be true of the path difference to form dark fringes?

A

An whole number plus a half wavelength

29
Q

How are gamma rays emitted?

A

When the nucleus of an atom looses energy

30
Q

Approximate wavelength of a microwave

A

0.1m-1mm

31
Q

what happens to the speed of sound when it travels into a more dense medium

A

It increases

Physics (7 decks)

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