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GCSE Triple Physics > Waves > Flashcards

Waves Flashcards

1
Q

What do waves do?

A

Transfer energy from one place to another through oscillations without transfer of the medium

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2
Q

Transverse or Longitudinal?

A

Transverse

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3
Q

Transverse or Longitudinal?

A

Longitudinal

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4
Q

Fill in the gaps

A
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5
Q

Fill in the gaps

A
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6
Q

What is amplitude and what is it measured in?

A

The maximum distance particles vibrate from rest position, measured in metres

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7
Q

What is frequency and whats it measured in?

A

Number of waves per second in Hertz

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8
Q

What is wavelength and whats it measured in?

A

Length of one whole wave, in metres

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9
Q

What’s meant by time period and whats it measured in?

A

Time taken for a whole wave to pass a point in seconds

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10
Q

In transverse waves, what’s the relationship between the oscillations and the direction of energy transfer?

A

Oscillations are perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer

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11
Q

In longitudinal waves, what’s the relationship between the oscillations and the direction of energy transfer?

A

Oscillations are parallel to the direction of energy transfer

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12
Q

Equation that links period and frequency:

A

period = 1/frequency

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13
Q

Equation for frequency

A

frequency = number of waves / time

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14
Q

Why are microwaves used for satellite communications?

A

They can pass through the atmosphere

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15
Q

What are EM Waves?

A

Transverse waves that transfer energy from the source of the waves

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16
Q

Name 2 properties of EM Waves

A

• Transverse
• Can travel through a vaccuum
• Transfer energy from one place to another

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17
Q

What is 1 micro second in standard form?

A

1 x 10^-6

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18
Q

Whats a nanosecond in standard form?

A

1 x 10^-9

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19
Q

Whats a mega second in standard form?

A

1 x 10^6

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20
Q

What’s a Giga second in standard form ?

A

1 x 10^9

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21
Q

Between Radio waves and visible light which would wave could transfer more info and why?

A

Visible light because shorter wavelength waves can transfer more information

22
Q

What is meant by ionising radiation?

A

High energy waves that can cause atoms to become charged

23
Q

Why is ionising radiation dangerous for humans?

A

It can damage living cells

24
Q

What is the effect of high doses of ionising radiation on living cells?

A

It can kill the cell

25
Q

What is the effect of lower doses of ionising radiation on living cells?

A

Can cause mutations or cancerous growth

26
Q

What are X-Rays most commonly used for?

A

To form an image of your bones inside your body

27
Q

Why do X-Rays only produce an image of the bone?

A

Because they pass through skin and soft tissue and are stopped by bone

28
Q

What can high energy X-Rays and Gamma Rays be used for?

A

Treating cancer

29
Q

Which are better emitters and absorbers of IR Radiation, Light & Shiny surfaces or Dark and Matt Surfaces?

A

Dark and Matt

30
Q

What is meant by the angle of incidence?

A

The angle at which the wave hits the normal

31
Q

What is the relationship between the angle of incidence and reflection?

A

They are equal

32
Q

What is meant by refraction?

A

Light changes direction as it travels from
one medium to another

33
Q

Why does refraction occur?

A

Because the speed of light is different in different materials

34
Q

What do lenses do?

A

Change the direction of light rays by refraction

35
Q

What do converging lenses do?

A

Make parallel rays converge to a focus

36
Q

What do diverging lenses do?

A

Make parallel rays spread out

37
Q

What is meant by principal focus?

A

The point where the rays appear to come from

38
Q

What is meant by the focal length?

A

The distance from the centre of the lens to the principle focus

39
Q

Are convex lenses converging or diverging?

A

Converging

40
Q

Are concave lenses converging or diverging?

A

Diverging

41
Q

What colours make yellow?

A

Red and Green

42
Q

What colours make Magenta?

A

Red and Blue

43
Q

What colours make cyan?

A

Green and Blue

44
Q

What colour will a yellow ball appear in green light?

A

Green

45
Q

Why does a blue ball appear black in red light?

A

Because there is no blue light for the ball to reflect so it’s absorbing all the light and it appears black

46
Q

What type of waves are sound waves?

A

Longitudinal pressure waves

47
Q

Which medium do sound waves travel fastest in?

A

Solid

48
Q

What are some uses of ultrasound?

A

• Echolocation
• Pre-natal scanning
• SONAR
• Oceanic mapping
• Breaking Kidney stones

49
Q

How is ultrasound used to treat kidney stones?

A

A powerful ultrasound wave causes the stone to vibrate and break into smaller parts.

50
Q

What is a black body?

A

A perfect absorber and radiator of heat

51
Q

True or False: The atmosphere is transparent to IR

A

False, its opaque

GCSE Triple Physics (6 decks)

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