Waves

Question 1

What do all waves transfer?

Answer 1

Energy.

Question 2

What is a transverse wave?

Answer 2

In a transverse wave the particles of the medium vibrate at right angles to the direction of the waves energy transfer.

Question 3

What are some examples of transverse waves?

Answer 3

Light, microwaves, water waves.

Question 4

What is a longitudinal wave?

Answer 4

In longitudinal waves the particles of the medium vibrate in the same directions as the wave energy transfer.

Question 5

What is an example of a longitudinal wave?

Answer 5

Sound.

Question 6

What is the crest of a wave?

Answer 6

The highest point on a wave.

Question 7

What is the trough of a wave?

Answer 7

The lowest point on a wave.

Question 8

What is the frequency?

Answer 8

The number of waves that pass a point in one second.

Question 9

What is frequency measured in?

Answer 9

Hertz (Hz)

Question 10

What is the period of a wave?

Answer 10

The time for a wave to pass a point.

Question 11

What is the wavelength?

Answer 11

The distance from one point on a wave to the same point on the next wave.

Question 12

How do you measure the speed of sound?

Answer 12

1. Connect two microphones to a timer
2. Measure the distance between the microphones.
3. Make a loud sound.
4. When the sound gets to microphone 1 the timer starts and when the sound gets to microphone two the timer stops.
5. Use d=vt

Question 13

What is the speed of sound in air?

Answer 13

340 ms-1

Question 14

What is the speed of light in air?

Answer 14

300,000,000ms-1 or 3x10^8ms-1

Question 15

What are some examples that show that light is faster than sound?

Answer 15

1. Thunder and Lightning
2. Fireworks

Question 16

What is ultrasound?

Answer 16

Sounds with a frequency above 20,000 Hz.

Question 17

What does the frequency of a sound affect?

Answer 17

The pitch of the sound.

Question 18

What does the amplitude of a sound affect?

Answer 18

The volume of the sound.

Question 19

What is diffraction?

Answer 19

Diffraction is the ability of a wave to bend round corners.

Question 20

How does the wavelength of a wave affect diffraction.

Answer 20

The shorter the wavelength, the less the wave will diffract.
The longer the wavelength, the more the wave will diffract.

Question 21

What will diffract more, radio or tv waves?

Answer 21

Radio waves as they have a longer wavelength.

Question 22

What is true about all electromagnetic waves?

Answer 22

1. They all transfer energy.
2. They are all transverse waves.
3. They all travel at 300,000,000 ms-1
4. They all diffract.

Question 23

What is the detector of radio and tv waves?

Answer 23

Aerial.

Question 24

What is the detector of microwaves?

Answer 24

Aerial.

Question 25

What are some detectors of infrared?

Answer 25

Photodiode and thermometer.

Question 26

What are some detectors of visible light?

Answer 26

Photodiode, the human eye and photographic film.

Question 27

What are some detectors of ultraviolet?

Answer 27

Photodiode or photographic film.

Question 28

What is a detector of X-rays?

Answer 28

Photographic film.

Question 29

What are some detectors of gamma rays?

Answer 29

Photographic film and a Geiger - Muller tube.

Question 30

What is the electromagnetic spectrum in order from longest wavelength to shortest?

Answer 30

Radio waves Tv waves Microwaves Infrared Visible Light Ultraviolet X-rays Gamma Rays

Question 31

What are microwaves used for?

Answer 31

To carry signals up to a satellite in space.

Question 32

What is infrared used for?

Answer 32

1. To speed up the healing of damaged muscle tissue 2. Thermal imaging cameras.

Question 33

What is visible light used for?

Answer 33

1. To remove birth marks 2. To remove tattoos. 3. To kill cancerous tumours.

Question 34

What is a danger of ultraviolet?

Answer 34

Too much exposure to UV can cause skin cancer.

Question 35

What are uses of ultraviolet?

Answer 35

1. Treating skin conditions like acne 2. Security markings

Question 36

What is a use of X-rays?

Answer 36

To detect broken bones.

Question 37

What is a use of gamma rays?

Answer 37

To kill cancerous cells.

Question 38

How does light travel?

Answer 38

In straight lines.

Question 39

What is refraction?

Answer 39

Refraction of light is what happens when lights passes into a different medium of different density.

Question 40

What happens when light travels from a less dense medium into a more dense medium?

Answer 40

The light will refract towards the normal.

Question 41

What happens when lights travels from a more dense medium into a less dense medium?

Answer 41

The light will refract away from the normal.