Waves

Question 1

Wave

Answer 1

A disturbance that moves through matter or through empty space. Waves do not carry matter. They carry energy from one place to another

Question 2

Transverse

Answer 2

Transverse waves have vibrations of particles of matter that move back and forth at right angles (perpendicular) to the direction that the wave is traveling

Question 3

Amplitude

Answer 3

The total distance a wave moves (oscillates) from its resting position

Question 4

Crest

Answer 4

The peak or highest point on a wave

Question 5

Trough

Answer 5

The valley or lowest point between to crests

Question 6

Wavelength

Answer 6

The distance from any one point on a wave to a corresponding point on the next wave

Question 7

Wave speed

Answer 7

The distance a wave travels in a given amount of time, measured in meters per second

Question 8

Longitudinal

Answer 8

Vibrations of the particles of matter (wave medium) that move back and forth in the same direction the wave is traveling

Question 9

Reflection

Answer 9

Light waves bounce off a surface

Question 10

Echo

Answer 10

Sound waves reflect (bounce off an object to cause an echo)

Question 11

Transparent

Answer 11

Almost all light passes through

Question 12

Translucent

Answer 12

Only some light passes through

Question 13

Opaque

Answer 13

Almost no light passes through

Question 14

Refraction

Answer 14

Light changes directions slightly when it passes from one material to another

Question 15

Absorption

Answer 15

When the atoms in matter absorb light. The absorbed light energy is converted to some other from (thermal energy). Objects get their color from selective absorption

Question 16

The electromagnetic spectrum

Answer 16

The entire range of light that exists

Question 17

Radio waves

Answer 17

Emitted at radio and tv stations. Radios and tv’s convert these waves into sound and picture

Question 18

Microwaves

Answer 18

Emitted by the power source in a microwave oven. Water molecules absorb microwaves and increase temperature of food

Question 19

Infrared radiation

Answer 19

We sense this radiation as heat because it causes molecules to vibrate. Used in heat lamps for reptiles

Question 20

Visible light

Answer 20

The only light that our eyes can see. Our eyes detect this light as color. In a rainbow, the shortest wavelength of color (violet) is closest to Earth and the longest wavelength color (red) is at the top of the arc

Question 21

Ultraviolet radiation

Answer 21

We need to wear sunscreen to protect our skin from this type of radiation from the sun. Bees can see UV light so many flowers have UV patterns on their petals to attract bees

Question 22

X-rays

Answer 22

Bones and teeth block X-rays, making it possible to take pictures of them

Question 23

Gamma rays

Answer 23

Extremely high frequency waves that are emitted during a nuclear explosion and by radioactive materials