Wave Energy/ Light/ Sound Unit Flashcards

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1
Q

Any substance a wave travels through

A

A medium

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2
Q

A disturbance that transfers energy from one place to another

A

A Wave

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3
Q

Waves that transfer energy through matter

A

Mechanical Waves

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4
Q

Wave that the disturbance moves at right angles to the direction the wave travels

A

Transverse Waves

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5
Q

Wave that travels in the same direction as the disturbance

A

Longitudinal Wave

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6
Q

The highest point in a transverse wave

A

Crest

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7
Q

The lowest point in a transverse wave

A

Trough

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8
Q

Part of a longitudinal wave that the particles of the medium are ‘bunched up’ or ‘squished together’

A

Compression

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9
Q

Part of a longitudinal wave that the particles in the medium are ‘spread apart’

A

Rarefaction

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10
Q

The maximum distance a wave travels from its resting point. Distance from the crest or trough to its resting place

A

Amplitude

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11
Q

Distance from one point on a wave to the same point on the next wave. It is usually measured from crest to crest or compression to compression

A

Wavelength

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12
Q

The number of wavelengths that pass a point in one second

A

Frequency

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13
Q

The relationship between wavelength and frequency is that when frequency (BLANK1) wavelength (BLANK2). When frequency (BLANK2) wavelength (BLANK1).

A

Blank 1: Increases, Blank 2: Decreases

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14
Q

How can wave speed be calculated? What is it measured in?

A

Wavelength times Frequency- the measurement is in m/ s (meters per second)

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15
Q

A wave bouncing off an object or barrier

A

Reflection

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16
Q

The bending of a wave when it passes through a new medium. It occurs because the speed of the wave is changing

A

Refraction

17
Q

The spreading out of waves as it passes through a new medium. It occurs because the speed of the wave changes

A

Diffraction

18
Q

The meeting and combining of waves

A

Interference

19
Q

When two or more waves add together. It makes a larger wave from smaller waves. The waves are said to be in phase

A

Constructive interference

20
Q

When the energy of one wave subtracts from the energy of the other (ex. A trough from one wave meeting the crest of another) The waves are said to be out of phase

A

Destructive interference

21
Q

A longitudinal wave that is produced by a vibrating object and travels through matter

A

Sound

22
Q

A longitudinal wave that is produced by a vibrating object and travels through matter

A

A sound wave

23
Q

The interpretation/ perception of a sound wave

A

Sound

24
Q

Ears receive and interpret waves by:

A
  • the outer ear’s shape collects sound waves and reflects them into the ear canal
  • the sound wave passes through the ear canal to the ear drum which vibrates due to the sound wave
  • the middle ear has three tiny connected bones called the hammer, anvil, and stirrup that carry the vibrations from the eardrum to the inner ear
  • the vibrations reach the cochlea which contains about 30,000 hair cells that bend as a result of the vibrations that cause the cell to send electrochemical signals along nerves to the brain
  • Only when you brain receives and processes these signals do you actually hear a sound
25
Q

Empty space with little or no particles. Sound waves cannot travel in this

A

Vacuum

26
Q

Sound travels faster the -blank- the medium (fastest solid, slowest gas) this is because the particles being closer together in solids

A

Denser

27
Q

Sound travels faster through mediums with higher ?. This is because the higher the ? the faster the particles move

A

Temperature

28
Q

The highness or lowness of a sound. It is caused by the frequency of the sound wave- high frequency/ high pitch, low frequency/ low pitch

A

Pitch

29
Q

The unit for measuring pitch/ frequency is the BLANK. One BLANK is one complete wavelength per second

A

Hertz (Hz)

30
Q

Humans can hear pitches between about 20Hz to 20000Hz. Sound waves below 20Hz are called BLANK1. Sound waves above 20,000Hz are called BLANK2

A

B-1: infrasound

B-2: ultrasonic

31
Q

This is used medicine to break up kidney stones, to observe organs, and fetuses and Doppler this thing can be used to observe the movement of fluids around the body.

A

Ultrasound

32
Q

The strengthening of a sound wave by constructive interference is called

A

Resonance

33
Q

The perception of the change in pitch that happens when the source of the receiver is moving

A

The Doppler Effect

34
Q

The THING of a sound wave is the amount of energy the wave has. The greater the amplitude of the wave, the greater it’s THING

A

Intensity