Wave 3 (Undiscussed Modules) Flashcards
1
Q
an electronic device that manipulates information or data. it can store, retrieve, and process data
A
computer
2
Q
any part of your computer that has a physical structure
A
hardware
3
Q
any set of instructions that tells the hardware what to do
A
software
4
Q
designed for use at a desk or table. typically larger and more powerful than other types of personal computers.
A
desktop computer
5
Q
true or false: desktop computers are made up of separate components
A
true
6
Q
battery or ac-powered personal computer that are more portable than desktop computers, allowing you to use them almost anywhere
A
laptop
7
Q
a computer that serves up information to other computers on a network
an example of a computer program or device that accepts and responds to requests made by another program, known as client
A
server
8
Q
a mobile computing device designed ono be held in one or two hands
A
tablet
9
Q
allows you to do more than make phone calls and send text messages
A
smartphone
10
Q
can browse the internet and run software programs like a computer; use a touch screen to allow users to interact with them
A
smartphone
11
Q
two main style of personal comp
A
mac and pc
12
Q
introduced in 1984 and it was the first widely sold personal computer with a graphical user interface or GUI
A
MAC
13
Q
type of computer began with the original IBM PC that was introduced 1981
A
PC
14
Q
core of a computer system. usually it’s a rectangular box placed on or underneath your desk
A
system unit
15
Q
used to interact with items on your computer
A
mouse
16
Q
referred to as a VDT (video display terminal) and VDU (video display unit). this is an output device that displays video images and text
A
monitor
17
Q
the main way to enter information into your computer
A
keyboard
18
Q
used to play sound. they can be built into the system unit or connected with cables. allow you to listen to music and hear sound effects from your computer
A
speaker
19
Q
takes electronic data and generates a hard copy of it
A
printer
20
Q
motherboard form factors
A
dimension, power supply type, location of omunting holes, number of ports on the back panel
21
Q
hardware within a computer that carries out the instructions of a computer program by performing the basic arithmetical, logical, and input/output system
A
central processing unit
22
Q
processor’s rating that measure a certain number of information processed per second
A
clock speed
23
Q
serves as the processors connection to the system memory.
A
FSB (front side bus)
24
Q
enables the processor to speedily access recently used information
A
cache
25
two different types of cpus
32-bit (x86) and 64-bit (x64)
26
a hardware device that allows information to be stored and retrieved on a computer
volatile memory and requires power to keep the data accessible.
random access memory
27
what does simms mean
single inline memory module
28
what does ddr sdram mean
double data rate synchronous random access memory
29
what does ddr2 mean
double data rate 2
30
non-volatile memory hardware device that permanently stores and retrieves data on a computer
secondary storage device that consists of one or more platters to which data is written using a magnetic head
hard disk
31
converts direct current power that your motherboard drives and other peripherals need
power supply unit
32
power connector for floppy disk
berg
33
power connector for IDE devices such as hard disk and optical disc drive
molex
34
connector for SATA devices (hard disk, optical disk)
SATA
35
main power connector of the motherboard
24 pin ATX
36
standard motherboard power connector used to provide +12 VDC to the processor voltage regulator
4 pin ATX
37
power connector for video card
PCIE Power Connector
38
also called a video adapter, display card, graphics card, graphics board, display adapter or graphics adapter
an expansion card which generates a feed of output images to a display
graphics card
39
used to attach hardware to a computer including video card
PCI (peripheral component interconnect)
40
an advanced port designed for video cards and 3d accelerators
AGP (accelerated graphics port)
41
designed as a high-speed replacement for the aging pci and agp standards and is available in different formats
PCI-E
42
digital display interface developed by the video electronics standards association (vesa)
can also be used to transmit audio, usb,, and other forms of data
DisplayPort
43
simultaneously transmitting visual and audio data via the same cable
high definition multimedia interface
44
digital-based standard designed for displays such as flat-panel displays and video projectors
Digital Visual Interface (DVI)
45
standard interface for analog monitor. it was designed for CRT displays
analog d-sub
46
connector on a motherboard or on a separate adapter that allows a device to connect to a computer
port
47
mouse port or keyboard port; used to connect a computer mouse or keyboard to an IBM computer. mini DIN plug that contains six pins and is still sometimes found on all IBM compatible computers
PS/2
48
referred to as the centronics interface or centronics connector after the company that originally designed it, it was later developed by Epson
25-pin (type DB-25) computer interface commonly used to connect printers to the computer
parallel port
49
popular display standard developed by IBM. provides 640 x 480 resolution color display screens with a refresh rate of 60 Hz and 16 colors displayed at a time
VGA port (video graphic array port)
50
often referred to as superspeed usb
usb 3.0
51
allows a computer to connect to a network using a wired connection
LAN port
52
audio in and sound in
jack found on computer sound cards that enable a user to connect an external audio device
Line-in (Blue)
53
referred to as audio out and sound out, the line out jack is found on computer sound cards
allows external speakers, headphones, or other output devices to be connected to the computer, transfering computer generated audio to the devices so that it can be heard
line out
54
device that captures audio by converting sound waves into an electrical signal. this signal can be amplfied as an analog signal or may be converted to a digital signal, which can be processed by a computer or other digital audio device
microphone
55
a desktop or laptop that has a display, mouse, keyboard, and network connectivity and runs applications from a server
less expensive than normal workstation
thin client workstations
56
most common type of desktop or laptop in the work environment. applications are installed and documents are commonly stored on the local hard drive
thick client workshops
57
used to store data, function as a web server, print server, or file server, control media streaming, be accessible from outside the home, control devices, and manage backups of other computers
home servers
58
used for a specific industry (car repair shop)
industrial computers
59
for someone who travels as part of his job
on the road computer design
mobile computers
60
used in manufacturing plants by engineeres or design engineers to create things
computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM)
61
used to manipulate sounds or video; requires a lot of hard drive space and RAM
audio/video editing workstations
62
a workstation that has at least one operating system
a workstation that uses hardware and software virtualization techniques to have a controlled workstation environment
virtualization workstations
63
basic tools to build a computer
phillips-head (cross-shaped)screwdriver
needle-nose pliers
anti-static wrist strap
a large level working space
anti-static bag
electrical tape
wire or nylon ties
flashlight
second working computer
can of compressed air
64
what to do before installing the motherboard
unplug the power cord
prepare anti-static pad or bag
hold edge components
use anti-static wrist wrap
65
what does analog mean
continuous signal with infinite variations
66
a 4-pin or 7-pin round video port sometimes used to connect to a television
s-video port
67
transmits both video and data on the same port and cable; shaped the same as the display port and is compatible with display port devices
thunderbolt port
68
connects to an external home theater audio system, providing digital audio ouotput and the best signal quality
s/pdif (sony-philips digital interface)
69
used for high-speed multimedia devices such as digital camcorders
firewire port
70
called a mini-DIN port, a round 6-pin port used by a keyboard or mouse
PS/2
71
purple port is for the
green port is for the
keyboard
mouse
72
9-pin male port used on older computers, sometimes called a DB9
serial port
73
25-pin female port used by older printers
parallel port
74
also called an RJ-11 port, used to connect dial-up phone lines to computers
modem port
75
a device that converts ac to dc
rectifier
76
a device that converts dc to ac
inverter
77
devices that changes the ratio of voltage to current
transformer
78
ac travels on a _______ from a power station
hot line
79
ac returns to the power station on a _______
neutral line
80
electrical charge at rest
when two objects with dissimilar electrical charges touch, electricity passes between them until charges are equal
electrostatic discharge (esd)
81
what screwdrivers are used
flat-head screwdriver, phillips head, and torx
82
helps discover, report computer errors and conflicts at power-on self test
post diagnostic cards
83
three purposes served by motherboard ROM BIOS
system bios
startup bios
bios setup
84
bios that manages simple devices
system bios
85
bios that starts the computer
startup bios
86
includes date, time, port configurations
CMOS RAM
87
ROM chips that can be overwritten
Flash ROM
88
measures output of each power supply connector
power supply tester
89
measures several characteristics of electricity in a variety of devices (voltage, resistance, or continuity)
multimeter
90
used to test a port in a computer or other device ot make sure the port is working
tests throughput or speed of port
loopback plug
91
power connectors include
20-pin P1, 24-pin P1,
4-pin and 8-pin auxiliary motherboard, 4-pin Molex,
15-pin SATA, 4-pin FDD, 6-pin PCIe, and 8-pin PCIe
92
install components in this order
power supply, drives, motherboard, and cards
93
connector that supplies power to the motherboard
24-pin
94
provides power to the processor
auxiliary 4-pin power
95
uses fins that draw heat away from processor
heat sink
96
blows drawn heat away from CPU unit
fan
97
sits on top of processor
cooler
98
helps draw air out of the case to prevent overheating
case fans
99
small pump sits inside the case and tubes moves liquid around components and then away from them to a place where fans cool teh liquid
liquid cooling system
100
dealing with dust
blown out of the case using a can of compressed air or by using an antistatic vacuum
should be part of a regular preventative maintenance program (at least twice a year)
blow or vacuum keyboard as well
101
before opening a case
shut down the system, unplug it, disconnect all cables, and press the power button to drain residual power
102
What to consider when purchasing a motherboard
form factor
processor socket and chipset
buses and number of bus slots
other connectors, slots, and ports
103
determines which processors a board can support
processor socket
104
types of processor sockets
pin grid array (PGA)
land grid array (LGA)
flip-chip land grid array (FCLGA)
staggered pin grid array (SPGA)
ball grid array (BGA)
zero insertion force (ZIF) sockets
105
set of chips on motherboard that work with processor to collectively control memory,, motherboard buses, some peripherals
chipset
106
system of pathways used for communication
bus
107
carried by bus
power, control siignals, memory addresses, data
108
times activities on the motherboard
system clock
109
on-board ports
usb, sound, network, video, eSATA, mouse, keyboard, parallel and serial ports
110
plate installed in computer case providing holes for on-board ports
I/O shield
111
two small posts or metal pins that stick up off the motherboard that is open or closed
jumper
112
what does uefi mean
unified extensible firmware interface
113
interface between firmware on motherboard and the OS
improves boot process
UEFI
114
technology embedded in the bios of many laptops to protect a system against theft
lojack
115
when one physical machine hosts multiple activities that are mormally on multiple machines
virtualization
116
most popular motherboard form factors
atx, microatx, mini-atx
117
